Familial Aggregation of Absolute Pitch

Baharloo, Siamak; Risch, Neil; Gitschier, Jane; Freimer, Nelson B.

doi:10.1086/303057

Cited by 143 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The seemingly gender effect observed in Table 2 might actually be due to the age effect, since the mean age of boys (6.9 y/o) was larger than that of girls (6.2 y/o), though the difference was not significant (p=0.404, t-test). Our finding thus verified that later pitch sensations in implanted children possibly reflected higher-level and/or experience-dependent plastic changes in the auditory pathway (Reiss et al, 2007), and that musical training in the sensitive period (≤6 y/o) would be beneficial for development of pitch sensations (Baharloo et al, 2000).…”

Section: Effect Of Age and Duration Of Cochlear Implant Use On Pitch supporting

confidence: 79%

Strategies to Improve Music Perception in Cochlear Implantees

Chen¹,

McMahon²,

Li³

2012

Cochlear Implant Research Updates

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Section: Effect Of Age and Duration Of Cochlear Implant Use On Pitch supporting

confidence: 79%

Strategies to Improve Music Perception in Cochlear Implantees

Chen¹,

McMahon²,

Li³

2012

Cochlear Implant Research Updates

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“…stress learning contributions [1,2]. Proponents of the genetic theories emphasize the extreme rarity of AP among general population, and argue that, nevertheless, AP highly aggregates in families [32][33][34][35][36]. Indeed, the proportion of AP possessors is said to be less than 0.01%, as frequently quoted [1,33,35,37].…”

Section: The Origin Of Apmentioning

confidence: 99%

How well do we understand absolute pitch?

Miyazaki

2004

Acoust. Sci. & Tech.

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Absolute pitch (AP) is the ability based on the fixed association between musical pitch and its verbal label. Experiments on AP identification demonstrated extreme accuracy of AP listeners in identifying pitch, influences of timbre and pitch range, and difference in accuracy between whitekey notes and black-key notes. However, contrary to the common belief that AP is a component of musical ability, it was found that AP listeners have difficulty in perceiving pitch relations in different pitch contexts, and in recognizing transposed melodies, as compared to listeners having no AP. These results suggest that AP is irrelevant and even disadvantageous to music. Systematic music training in early childhood seems effective for acquiring AP. Possible genetic contributions to AP are undeniable, but evidence for them is inconclusive. There are several AP-like phenomena that do not reach consciousness: absolute tonality, long-term memory of pitch of repeatedly heard tunes, specific patterns of pitch comparison in the tritone paradox, and fixed pitch levels in speech. Contrary to true AP observed as a pitch naming ability, the implicit AP phenomena are widespread among general population.

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“…Familial aggregation studies have estimated the sibling recurrencerisk ratio (λ s ) for absolute pitch to be between 7.8 and 15.1 after controlling for early musical training (Baharloo et al, 2000;Gregersen et al, 1999 Absolute pitch is a rare pitch-naming ability with unknown etiology. Some scientists maintain that its manifestation depends solely on environmental factors, while others suggest that genetic factors contribute to it.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Absolute Pitch Twin Study and Segregation Analysis

Theusch

Gitschier

2011

Twin Res Hum Genet

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Absolute pitch is a rare pitch-naming ability with unknown etiology. Some scientists maintain that its manifestation depends solely on environmental factors, while others suggest that genetic factors contribute to it. We sought to further investigate the hypothesis that genetic factors support the acquisition of absolute pitch and to better elucidate the inheritance pattern of this trait. To this end, we conducted a twin study and a segregation analysis using data collected from a large population of absolute pitch possessors. The casewise concordance rate of 14 monozygotic twin pairs, 78.6%, was significantly different from that of 31 dizygotic twin pairs, 45.2%, assuming single ascertainment (x2 = 5.57, 1 df, p = .018), supporting a role for genetics in the development of absolute pitch. Segregation analysis of 1463 families, assuming single ascertainment, produced a segregation ratio pD = .089 with SEpD = 0.006. Unlike an earlier segregation analysis on a small number of absolute pitch probands from musically educated families, our study indicates that absolute pitch is not inherited in a simple Mendelian fashion. Based on these data, absolute pitch is likely genetically heterogeneous, with environmental, epigenetic, and stochastic factors also perhaps contributing to its genesis. These findings are in agreement with the results of our recent linkage analysis.

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Familial Aggregation of Absolute Pitch

Cited by 143 publications

References 5 publications

Strategies to Improve Music Perception in Cochlear Implantees

Strategies to Improve Music Perception in Cochlear Implantees

How well do we understand absolute pitch?

Absolute Pitch Twin Study and Segregation Analysis

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