Familial risk and protective factors in alcohol intoxicated adolescents: psychometric evaluation of the family domain of the Communities That Care Youth Survey (CTC) and a new short version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ)

Abstract

BackgroundAlcohol intoxicated adolescents (AIA) in emergency department are an important target group for prevention and valid information on their familial risk and protective factors (RPF) is crucial for implementing customized family-based counseling in hospitals. We therefore, examined the psychometric characteristics of scales which assess familial RPF.MethodsWe used seven family scales from the Communities That Care Youth Survey Instrument (CTC-F7); four assess risk factors: family conflicts, poor family management, parental attitudes favorable towards drug use/antisocial behavior; three assess protective factors: family attachment, opportunities and rewards for prosocial involvement. To assess physical and emotional abuse and emotional neglect, we created a new scale composed of six items from the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-6). We tested these eight scales on 342 AIA aged 13-17. Based on the classical test theory we calculated descriptive item and scale statistics and internal consistency. We assessed construct validity by confirmatory factor analysis with Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation in a sample with imputed missing values (EM-Algorithm). To check robustness, we repeated the analyses with complete cases, with multiple imputed data, and with methods suitable for categorical data. We used SPSS 21, AMOS 21 and R (randomForrest and lavaan package).ResultsThree of seven CTC-F scales showed poor psychometric properties in the descriptive analysis. A ML-confirmatory model with five latent factors fitted the remaining CTC-F scales best (CTC-F5). The latent structure of the CTQ-6 is characterized by three first-order factors (physical abuse, emotional abuse, emotional neglect) and one second-order factor. The global goodness-of-fit indices for the CTC-F5 and the CTQ-6 demonstrated acceptable fit (for both models: TLI and CFI>0.97, RMSEA<0.05). The confirmatory evaluation based on complete cases (n=266), on multiple imputed data, and with alternative estimation methods produces global and local model-fit indices that are comparable to those from the main analysis. The final subscales CTC-F5 and CTQ-6 show acceptable to good internal consistency (α>0.7).ConclusionsThe final CTC-F5 and the newly developed CTQ-6 demonstrate acceptable to good psychometric properties for the AIA sample. The CTC-F5 and the CTQ-6 facilitate a psychometrically sound assessment of familial RPF for this vulnerable and important target group for prevention.

Socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors related to allergic diseases in Korean adolescents based on the Seventh Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey: a cross-sectional study

“…School-based intervention programs can help with smoking prevention and reducing alcohol use in adolescents [ 45 , 46 ]. Good family relationships and opportunities for prosocial involvement are protective factors for adolescent problem behaviors [ 47 , 48 ]. Therefore, national school and family-based programs are needed to control these risk factors and prevent allergic outbreaks.…”

Adolescent Risk and Protective Factors for the Use of Electronic Cigarettes

“…The PNA is based on the Communities that Care (CTC) Youth Survey (see Arthur et al, 2002) and is designed to measure substance use, mental health symptoms, and antisocial behavior as well as their associated risk and protective factors. The psychometric properties of the CTC Youth Survey and item scales for risk and protective factors have been psychometrically validated across a number of studies (see Arthur et al, 2002Arthur et al, , 2007Briney et al, 2012;Feinberg et al, 2007;Glaser et al, 2005;Kuttler et al, 2015). The PNA was administered using a complex sampling framework; in particular, strata were at the school district level, clustering at the school level, and weights were calculated for the sample to approximate the population characteristics.…”

Associação do uso de drogas lícitas e ilícitas, sexo e condição socioeconômica entre adolescentes de 12 anos de idade

“…A prevalência do uso de álcool na vida foi alta no presente estudo (45,6%). Prevalência semelhante utilizando a mesma metodologia foi reportada em outro estudo brasileiro, porém se faz necessário salientar a idade superior dos participantes 26 Psicotrópicas, que envolveu estudantes do ensino fundamental e médio, observou uma prevalência de 41,2% de consumo de bebida alcoólica 27 . Levantamentos internacionais relatam taxas de prevalência de consumo de bebidas alcoólicas variando entre 3,9 e 51,6% 13 .…”

“…Um estudo de coorte com adolescentes entre 13-17 anos atendidos no hospital da Alemanha por embriaguez e novamente abordados em período de seis meses avaliaram violência, uso de maconha, consumo de álcool, problemas escolares, depressão e comportamento suicida. Foi observado um risco significativamente maior entre estar embriagado e usar maconha, beber em "binge", ser expulso da escola e ter comportamento delinquente, com destaque para prisão, participar de gangues e praticar atos violentos 27 . Os resultados reportados na população alemã mostram a necessidade de investigações em jovens para conhecer os fatores de risco para experimentação de substâncias e adoção de medidas que previnam ou adiem o contato com as drogas.…”