Familial risk of cancer by site and histopathology

Hemminki, Kari; Li, Xinjun

doi:10.1002/ijc.10764

Cited by 82 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…However, testicular cancer has had a good prognosis during the past decades. The missing links predominantly influence those born in the 1930s and who died before 1991, and we have not observed a difference in familial risks in comparing different diagnostic periods (Hemminki and Li, 2003). We conclude that this gap in parental links has no large effect on the present estimates.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

“…The data on families and cancers have a complete coverage, barring some groups of deceased offspring born in the 1930s and who died before 1991. Although this small group of offspring with missing links to parents has a negligible effect on the estimates of familial risk (Hemminki and Li, 2003), we limited the present study to offspring whose parents were known, to eliminate this possible source of bias. The 'Multigeneration Register' was linked using the individually unique national registration number to the Cancer Registry for the years 1958 -2000.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Familial risk in testicular cancer as a clue to a heritable and environmental aetiology

2004

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We used the nation-wide Swedish Family-Cancer Database to examine the risk for testicular cancer in offspring through parental and sibling probands. Among 0 -68-year-old offspring, 4082 patients had testicular cancer in years 1961 -2000, among whom 68 (1.67%) had an affected father/brother. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for familial risk were four-fold when a father and nine-fold when a brother had testicular cancer. Histology-specific risks (for the testicular cancer) were similar for sons of affected fathers, but were higher among brothers for teratoma and seminoma than for mixed histologies. Standardized incidence ratios for either histology depended on the age difference between the brothers: 10.81 when the age difference was less than 5 years compared to 6.69 for a larger age difference. Parental colorectal, pancreatic, lung and breast cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease were associated with seminoma among sons. Seminoma risk was also increased when a sibling had melanoma. Teratoma was associated with parental lung cancer and melanoma. The high familial risk may be the product of shared childhood environment and heritable causes. Familial cases of fraternal pairs with an early-onset teratoma represent a challenge for gene identification.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Familial risk in testicular cancer as a clue to a heritable and environmental aetiology

2004

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“…9 The data on families and cancers have a complete coverage, barring some groups of deceased offspring, which affect those born in the 1930s and who died before 1991. Although this small group of offspring with missing links to parents has negligible effect on the estimates of familial risk, 10 we limited our study to offspring whose parents were known, to eliminate possibility of bias. This Multigeneration Register was linked by the individually unique national registration number to the Cancer Registry from years 1958-2002.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental lung cancer as predictor of cancer risks in offspring: Clues about multiple routes of harmful influence?

Hemminki

Chen

2005

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The carcinogenic effects of active smoking have been demonstrated for many sites, but the effects of passive smoking and exposures during pregnancy and breastfeeding are less well documented. We examined whether 0–70‐year‐old offspring of parents with lung cancer are at a risk of cancer that cannot be explained by their smoking or familial risk. It was assumed that known target sites for tobacco carcinogenesis would be affected, if any. The nationwide Swedish Family‐Cancer Database with cancers recorded from 1958 to 2002 was used to calculate age‐specific standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). Among offspring of affected mothers, increased risks were observed for upper aerodigestive (SIR 1.45), nasal (2.93), lung (1.71) and bladder (1.52) cancers and for kidney cancer (6.41) in one age group. The risk of bladder cancer was found in younger age groups than that of lung cancer. Cancers at many of these sites, but not the kidney or the bladder, were in excess in offspring of affected fathers. Nasal cancer was even increased when either parent was diagnosed with lung cancer; the highest risk was for nasal adenoid cystic carcinoma (7.73). The data suggest that passive smoking during childhood is associated with an increase risk of nasal cancer. For bladder and kidney cancers, a contribution by tobacco carcinogens is implicated through breastfeeding and in utero exposure. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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“…Although the data from the Swedish Family-Cancer Database lend some support to the hypothesis that in general inherited susceptibility may be histology specific, results were less convincing for cervical cancer, which were, however, based on small numbers. 14 Since obesity, hypertension and diabetes also tend to aggregate in families, the association between adenocarcinoma of the cevix and endometrial cancer may be due, at least in part, to shared environmental exposure or genetic predisposition to these risk factors.…”

Section: Dear Sirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of cervical cancer in women with a family history of breast and female genital tract neoplasms

Negri

Vecchia

Bosetti

et al. 2005

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Dear Sir,The role of family history on the risk of cervical cancer has been investigated in an article including data from 2 studies, from Costa Rica and the Eastern United States (US). 1 In the case-control study from Costa Rica, women with a family history of cervical cancer had a 2.4 times (95% confidence Interval [CI] 1.2-4.7) higher risk of developing cervical cancer or severe cervical dysplasia than women without affected firstdegree relatives. 1 In the case-control study from the Eastern US, the odds ratio (OR) in women with a family history of cervical cancer in first-degree relatives was 2.6 (95% CI 1.1-6.4) for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix and 1.3 (95% CI 0.4-3.9) for cervical adenocarcinoma. 1 In the latter study, women with a family history of noncervical gynaecological malignancies had an OR of cervical SCC of 1.2 (95% CI 0.4-3.6), whereas the OR of cervical adenocarcinoma was 1.8 (95% CI 0.7-4.9). 1 There is scant additional information on family history of cancer and risk of cervical cancer. In the Swedish Family-Cancer Database, having an affected daughter or mother doubled the risk of developing cervical cancer. 2 The risk of developing cervical SCC was 2.0 (95% CI 1.5-2.5) in women with a mother diagnosed with the same cancer and 1.5 (95% CI 0.4-3.3) in women whose mother had had an adenocarcinoma of the cervix. 3 We analysed the issue using data from an Italian case-control study. A hospital-based case-control study of invasive cervical cancer was conducted from 1981-1993 in the greater Milan area on 786 women (median age 53, range 17-79 years) with histologically confirmed invasive cervical cancer. 4,5 The histology was adenocarcinoma for 96 cases, SCC for 471 cases and unknown for 219 cases. We grouped cases with unknown histology with SCC because the latter represented the vast majority of cervical cancers in Italy. 6 Controls were 917 women (median age 54, range 16-79 years) admitted to the same network of hospitals as cases for a wide spectrum of nongynaecological, nonneoplastic acute conditions unrelated to known or potential risk factors for cervical cancer. Among controls, 31% had traumatic conditions, 30% nontraumatic orthopedic disorders, 12% acute surgical conditions and 27% miscellaneous other illnesses.All interviews were conducted in hospital using a structured questionnaire including information on personal characteristics and habits. 4,5 Information on family history included number of sisters and if the mother or a sister had had a cancer of the breast, ovary, cervix uteri, corpus uteri or an unspecified uterine cancer.We estimated the OR of cervical cancer according to history of cancer at selected sites in first-degree relatives using unconditional multiple logistic regression models. 7 We present ORs adjusted for age, education and lifetime number of sexual partners. Further adjustment for area of residence, smoking, parity, number of pap smears (excluding the one(s) leading to the diagnosis), oral contraceptive use and number of sisters did not substantially...

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Familial risk of cancer by site and histopathology

Cited by 82 publications

References 57 publications

Familial risk in testicular cancer as a clue to a heritable and environmental aetiology

Familial risk in testicular cancer as a clue to a heritable and environmental aetiology

Parental lung cancer as predictor of cancer risks in offspring: Clues about multiple routes of harmful influence?

Risk of cervical cancer in women with a family history of breast and female genital tract neoplasms

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