Family and business in family enterprises in countries of low and high-context cultures – research conducted using grey system theory

Więcek-Janka, Ewa; Loera, Marcela Rebeca Contreras; Kijewska, Joanna; Tirado, Grecia

doi:10.21008/j.0239-9415.2016.070.16

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It was assumed, in accordance with Halls' approach [2,5], that Mexican enterprises are characterized by high context and collectivistic culture, which results in a more increased influence of values, norms and traditions on business decisions than it is the case with Polish enterprises. Despite significant and widely described cultural differences between Poland and Mexico, the author of the paper indicated in other analyses [3], that family-related features impact business behaviour more that cultural context does. Thus, she recognizes that there is a contextless element merging two areas of family business functioning, which she refers to as Business Responsibility of the Family.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Yet, the most popular and adequate definition to date seems to be the one by Hofstede, who defines it as the collective programming of the mind distinguishing the members of one group from others [1,2,3,6]. Hofstetde [6] presents in his work the psychological dimensions of culture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Culture forms the foundations of collective identity. Collective identity shapes feelings and values connected with the sense of intergenerational continuity, memory of the past and the notion of mutual destiny [2,3,4]. The pursuit of the research aim makes it necessary to look at the classification of cultures from a variety of perspectives, which entails a brief characterization of selected culture classifications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In North America, most Northern and Western European countries, one highly values individualism, independence and self-sufficiency, which is testimony to individualistic cultures. Children are taught autonomy, independent thinking and expressing themselves, asking questions at school, making choices as well as accepting responsibility for their own decisions and deeds [3,7,9,10]. All activities and decisions taken in collectivistic cultures originate in a group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 contains the summary of deliberations concerning the classification of cultures. From the point of view of organization and logic, more populous societies are difficult to be democratically organized, which is conducive to creating the system of hierarchization [2,3]. The assigned persons adopt the role of leaders of people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The essence of culture diversity in family businesses from Mexico and Poland

Ewa¹

2016

Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Economics and Management Innovations

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Abstract:The present paper is the description of research on differences in the influence of family aspects on the functioning of family businesses in two cultural contexts: low and high. High-context culture was represented by family businesses from Mexico and low-context by family businesses from Poland. The research was conducted using a structured individual interview with family business owners. The results obtained point to a strong relationship of values and family aspects with the operation of a family business. It may therefore be assumed that the influence of family aspects on the functioning of family businesses in different cultural contexts is similar, both in Poland (low-context) and Mexico (high-context).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The essence of culture diversity in family businesses from Mexico and Poland

Ewa¹

2016

Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Economics and Management Innovations

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Application of grey clusters in the development of a Synthetic Model of the goals of Polish family enterprises' successors

Więcek-Janka

Majchrzak

Wyrwicka

et al. 2020

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PurposeThe knowledge of goals of the successor, who is preparing to take over the business, is extremely important for the succession process and further operation of a family enterprise. The aim of this study is to structure the goals of Polish family enterprises’ successors and to develop a Synthetic Model of the goals of Polish family enterprises' successors with the application of grey clustering evaluation models.Design/methodology/approachResearch into the specifics of the diagnosis and assessment of the goals set for the successors of the first succession in family businesses in Poland was carried out in the third quarter of 2016 at two stages using two research methods: in-depth group interview and individual interview. The main aim of the first stage was the extraction of subjectively identified goals by family enterprises' successors (based on their succession experience). The statements were open and obtained during two in-depth group interviews (2 FGI) with successors being in the process of succession at its various stages (total, n = 14). The respondents presented their experiences connected with the succession process along with emotions that are associated with it. In one of the interview stages, the respondents were asked to enumerate their individual goals they set for themselves in the context of upcoming changes. Next, the group agreed on the most frequently mentioned goals by creating their verbal interpretation. The obtained list of 20 goals was recorded and discussed, and thanks to the application of the elimination rule in the collective decision-making process, that list was reduced to 10 goals, which was approved by all participating successors.FindingsThe results show the developed Synthetic Model of the goals of family enterprises’ successors. The study singled out four groups of successors: (1) successors who do not work in the family enterprise yet, (2) successors holding lower-level positions, (3) successors holding managerial positions, (4) successors who manage the entire company. As a result of the calculations, the developed Synthetic Model of the goals of family enterprises' successors was positively verified for successors working in higher-level positions and successors managing the entire family enterprise.Research limitations/implicationsIn order to use the results of clustering, e.g. for conducting studies on large samples with the use of statistical tools, a reduced number of goals should be taken into account. A thorough study of three goals may bring results similar to the study of the original ten successors of Polish family enterprises in the process of succession. The aim of future research is to develop a mathematical model using optimization functions that enable selection of elements representing individual clusters in such a way that it leads to the extraction of the elements with the highest value in relation to the accepted criterion for assessing their value.Originality/valueIn the future, conducting family business research in accordance with the developed methodology requires a look at the proposed list of successor goals obtained during the Focus Group Interview (FGI) as it could be shortened using the Cluster of Grey Incidence method. Shortening the list of goals has its analytic and practical justifications. The study of the full list of goals in subsequent (and numerous further studies) could lead to errors related to, for example, different interpretation of goals among the investigated successors. Furthermore, the full list of goals would increase costs and extend research time.

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The Evolution of Family Entrepreneurship in Poland: Main Findings Based on Surveys and Interviews from 2009-2018

Marjański

Sułkowski

2019

EBER

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Family and business in family enterprises in countries of low and high-context cultures – research conducted using grey system theory

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

The essence of culture diversity in family businesses from Mexico and Poland

The essence of culture diversity in family businesses from Mexico and Poland

Application of grey clusters in the development of a Synthetic Model of the goals of Polish family enterprises' successors

The Evolution of Family Entrepreneurship in Poland: Main Findings Based on Surveys and Interviews from 2009-2018

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