“…Of concern also is the fact that from the few studies conducted, it appears that the knowledge about HAI and IPC strategies such as hand hygiene among family members of patients is limited. 1,29,32 The literature suggests that IPC guidelines utilised in many Asian countries have been based on those established in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, or Australia, as well as by global organizations such as WHO and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [33][34][35][36][37] Considering the magnitude of cultural influence over health care delivery and the important role of family carers for Asian countries, 3,6,24,38 this study aimed to examine whether the role of patients' families has been accounted for in the IPC guidelines and policies used in Asian countries.…”