Family income and youths' symptoms of depression and anxiety: a longitudinal study of the French GAZEL Youth cohort

Melchior, Maria; Chastang, J.-F.; Walburg, V.; Arseneault, Louise; Galèra, Cédric; Fombonne, Éric

doi:10.1002/da.20761

Cited by 100 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…For example, persistent socioeconomic disadvantage during early childhood has been found to be linked to poorer cognitive and behavioural outcomes in the early years (Dickerson and Popli 2016;Holmes and Kiernan 2013;Schoon et al 2010;Washbrook 2010). These findings also extend into middle childhood (McLeod and Shanahan 1996) and into early adolescence (Melchior et al 2010;Najman et al 2010;Strohschein 2005). Improvements in socioeconomic status have also been found to be related to better child mental health outcomes (Costello et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…This is an important conclusion. Prior research has tended only to utilise cross-sectional data and there has been a gap in evidence about whether early childhood factors, including cumulative adversities, can help to explain the variations that exist in children's subjective well-being in the way that they have done for educational outcomes (Caro et al 2009;Crawford et al 2015;Washbrook 2010) and mental health problems (Melchior et al 2010;Najman et al 2010;Strohschein 2005). While there are limitations to the current analysis (discussed below) this broad finding suggests that how children feel about their lives may be better understood by contemporaneous factors than historical ones.…”

Section: Key Messages and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Association of Childhood Factors with Children’s Subjective Well-Being and Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties at 11 years old

Rees

2017

Child Ind Res

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Studies using cross-sectional data have found that factors such as family socio-economic status, family structure and parental well-being have relatively weak associations with children's subjective well-being. However there is a lack of longitudinal research exploring whether early childhood circumstances, and the cumulative effect of these kinds of factors over time, exert a stronger influence. This article uses data from a longitudinal representative sample of over 13,000 children in the UK to examine the associations between family and socio-economic factors from the age of nine months to 11 years old and children's subjective well-being at the age of 11. The analysis finds that family and socio-economic factors in early and middle childhood only explain small amounts of the variation in children's subjective well-being. A parallel analysis finds that the same factors can explain much more of the variation in children's emotional and behaviour difficulties. These findings strengthen existing cross-sectional evidence on the lack of substantial socio-economic variation in children's subjective well-being and provide further the support for the distinction between correlates of positive and negative indicators of child well-being.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Key Messages and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Childhood Factors with Children’s Subjective Well-Being and Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties at 11 years old

Rees

2017

Child Ind Res

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“…Parental household income was reported by parents in the 1989 GAZEL study questionnaire and dichotomized at the median value, equivalent to the average household income in France at the time (EUR ≤1,981 vs. ≥1,981 per month) [38,39]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unemployment and Substance Use in Young Adults: Does Educational Attainment Modify the Association?

et al. 2014

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We studied whether patterns of substance use in relation to unemployment vary depending on educational level. Data come from 1,126 community-based young adults in France (18-35 years of age in 2011) and their parents (TEMPO and GAZEL studies). Tobacco use (≥1 cigarette/day, 22.5% prevalence), nicotine dependence (Fagerström test ≥2, 7.1% prevalence), alcohol use (≥2 units/week, 25.3% prevalence), alcohol abuse (WHO AUDIT ≥7 in women and ≥8 in men, 10.8% prevalence), cannabis use (≥1 time, 16.5% prevalence), and cannabis abuse (CAST ≥2, 5.0% prevalence) were assessed by interview. We conducted logistic regression analyses controlled for inverse probability weights of unemployment, calculated based on demographics, negative life events, health, and juvenile and parental characteristics. Compared to participants who were always employed, those who were unemployed and had no higher education were more likely to smoke tobacco (OR: 2.76, 95% CI: 1.86-4.10), to be nicotine dependent (OR: 5.70, 95% CI: 3.03-10.73), to use cannabis (OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.42-3.64), and to abuse cannabis (OR: 3.38, 95% CI: 1.63-7.04). Those who were unemployed and had higher education were especially likely to abuse alcohol (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.16-3.09). Increases in unemployment may impact population levels of substance use, particularly in young adults with low educational attainment.

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“…Numerous studies highlight the relationship between attachment difficulties and the family's economic problems. Melchior et al (2010) have reported child and adolescent psychological disorders in families whose financial difficulties persist and aggravate over time in a French community. Secure attachment is less easily implemented when attentive and responsive parenting is influenced negatively by stressful factors related to low income than when the families have a better socio-economic status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the economic crisis on the functioning of families with language-disordered children

Vlassopoulos

2016

ASSRJ

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Economic crises worldwide impact mental health. Job insecurity and consequent distress and uncertainty, affect the family and its functioning. The study's purpose is to compare the psychosocial outcomes for the families of children with specific developmental disorders (SDD) during two time periods: a) before the commencement of the economic crisis in Greece (N=22), b) during the economic crisis (N=25). Data consists of child's diagnosis, parents' age, educational level and professions, and the family's psychosocial diagnoses (ICD-10, 1991). Results show that Group B has significantly more problems related to the child's upbringing (p=0.0163): insufficient parental control and supervision, hostile behaviour towards the child, emotional neglect and difficulties in sustaining boundaries. In conclusion the emotional and practical difficulties elicited by the economic crisis appear to have a direct impact on families of SDD preschoolers. The findings highlight the need for focused interventions through community services to deal with this issue.

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Family income and youths' symptoms of depression and anxiety: a longitudinal study of the French GAZEL Youth cohort

Abstract: Clinicians need to be aware that youths growing up in low-income families in the community may be at risk of depression and anxiety during the period of transition to adulthood.

Cited by 100 publications

References 51 publications

The Association of Childhood Factors with Children’s Subjective Well-Being and Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties at 11 years old

The Association of Childhood Factors with Children’s Subjective Well-Being and Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties at 11 years old

Unemployment and Substance Use in Young Adults: Does Educational Attainment Modify the Association?

The effect of the economic crisis on the functioning of families with language-disordered children

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