Family-level Clustering of Childhood Mortality Risk in Northeast Brazil

Sastry, Narayan

doi:10.1080/0032472031000150036

Cited by 100 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…15 Two studies carried out in Northeast Brazil used multilevel proportional hazards models for child survival analyzed at household and municipality level. One study 23 found non-signifi cant variance at the household level but signifi cant variance at the municipality level. Birth interval and birth order were major predictors of child mortality, as well as mother's education and family income, though with lower effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Birth interval and birth order were major predictors of child mortality, as well as mother's education and family income, though with lower effect. 23 The second study showed that prenatal care, higher maternal education, Caucasian or Asian ethnicity and having a refrigerator at home are factors that reduce the risk of child death. It was also found an association with birth order and birth interval, but not with the municipality where children lived.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinantes contextuais da mortalidade neonatal no Rio Grande do Sul por dois modelos de análise

et al. 2011

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OBJECTIVE:To analyze neonatal mortality determinants using multilevel logistic regression and classic hierarchical models. METHODS:Cohort study including 138,407 live births with birth certifi cates and 1,134 neonatal deaths recorded in 2003, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. The Information System on Live Births and mortality records were linked for gathering information on individual-level exposures. Sociodemographic data and information on the pregnancy, childbirth care and characteristics of the children at birth were collected. The associated factors were estimated and compared by traditional and multilevel logistic regression analysis. RESULTS:The neonatal mortality rate was 8.19 deaths per 1,000 live births. Low birth weight, 1-and 5-minute Apgar score below eight, congenital malformation, pre-term birth and previous fetal loss were associated with neonatal death in the traditional model. Elective cesarean section had a protective effect. Previous fetal loss did not remain signifi cant in the multilevel model, but the inclusion of a contextual variable (poverty rate) showed that 15% of neonatal mortality variation can be explained by varying poverty rates in the microregions. CONCLUSIONS:The use of multilevel models showed a small effect of contextual determinants on the neonatal mortality rate. There was found a positive association with the poverty rate in the general model, and the proportion of households with water supply among preterm newborns.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinantes contextuais da mortalidade neonatal no Rio Grande do Sul por dois modelos de análise

et al. 2011

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“…In family studies, where we have a hierarchical clustering by family and individual, this models seems appropriate. Sastry (1997a) suggested a nested frailty model with two hierarchical levels in which the frailty of member j in a particular cluster is V j = W 0 · W j with W 0 and W j are mutually independent unit-mean gamma distributed random variables with variance η 0 and η 1 . Thus, within each cluster the frailty is composed of a cluster-specific component common to all cluster members times an individual-specific component that are mutually independent.…”

Section: Frailty In Multivariate Event History Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multistate event history analysis with frailty

Bijwaard¹

2014

DemRes

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“…These factors could be either biological or behavioural in nature that may or may not be measurable [7] [8]. Keeping the dynamics of biological or genetic factors associated with repeated child loss, it is important to assess the extent of clustering of pregnancy loss among HIV-infected women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clustering of Pregnancy Wastages among Young HIV-Positive Women in a High HIV Prevalence District in India

Isac¹,

Halli²,

Blanchard³

et al. 2017

WJA

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Context: This paper examined the clustering of pregnancy wastage among HIV-infected pregnant women, particularly focusing on the outcomes of abortions and stillbirths, from a large sample of HIV-positive women to bridge the existing information gap. Methods: Data from a cross-sectional survey conducted among currently married HIV positive women aged 15-29 years in Bagalkot district, Karnataka, India were used. Further to assess the clustering of pregnancy wastage, the binomial distribution was used. Results: The study shows that 2% of the women account for 32% of the total pregnancy wastages and 7% of all the interviewed HIV positive women account for 62% of the total pregnancy wastages. The study further shows that a higher percent observed (29.6%) than expected (15.5%) who had experienced 2 pregnancy wastages suggesting 14.1% more women experienced 2 pregnancy wastages than expected. Again, a positive deviant of 19.2 among women with at least 3 pregnancy wastage also suggests a higher observed than expected pregnancy wastages, and suggests clustering of pregnancy wastages among HIV-positive women. After adjusting for the socio-economic characteristics, the variance of the observed and expected has reduced only marginally. Conclusions: Clustering of pregnancy wastages among HIV positive women suggests for an increased attention on reproductive health of this marginalized group. The findings will be useful for the interventions working with WLHA in India, particularly the knowledge of clustering would help policy makers and program implementers to focus on high risk women who are likely to experience multiple pregnancy losses.

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Family-level Clustering of Childhood Mortality Risk in Northeast Brazil

Cited by 100 publications

References 41 publications

Determinantes contextuais da mortalidade neonatal no Rio Grande do Sul por dois modelos de análise

Determinantes contextuais da mortalidade neonatal no Rio Grande do Sul por dois modelos de análise

Multistate event history analysis with frailty

Clustering of Pregnancy Wastages among Young HIV-Positive Women in a High HIV Prevalence District in India

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