Family Meals and Diet Quality Among Children and Adolescents in North Carolina

Fink, Sara K.; Racine, Elizabeth F.; Mueffelmann, Rebecca E.; Dean, Megan N.; Herman-Smith, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.jneb.2014.05.004

Cited by 43 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Similarly, it was surprising to find no association of instrumental or emotional support for healthy eating, modeling vegetable intake, and modeling PA with the outcomes, as these types of support have been found to be associated with children’s energy balance-related behaviors in other populations [11, 71–75]. Family food culture was associated with FV intake, consistent with the literature that shows that increased family meals, the main component of family food culture, is associated with increased FV intake in children [76–79]. This was the only significant variable in the FV intake model and also the only child-reported social support; other studies have also found that various types of parental support reported by children were more associated with children’s FV intake than the parent’s perceptions of that same support [80–82].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Association of parental social support with energy balance-related behaviors in low-income and ethnically diverse children: a cross-sectional study

Heredia

Ranjit

Warren³

et al. 2016

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundParents play an important role in providing their children with social support for healthy eating and physical activity. However, different types of social support (e.g., instrumental, emotional, modeling, rules) might have different results on children’s actual behavior. The purpose of this study was to assess the association of the different types of social support with children’s physical activity and eating behaviors, as well as to examine whether these associations differ across racial/ethnic groups.MethodsWe surveyed 1169 low-income, ethnically diverse third graders and their caregivers to assess how children’s physical activity and eating behaviors (fruit and vegetable and sugar-sweetened beverage intake) were associated with instrumental social support, emotional social support, modeling, rules and availability of certain foods in the home. We used sequential linear regression to test the association of parental social support with a child’s physical activity and eating behaviors, adjusting for covariates, and then stratified to assess the differences in this association between racial/ethnic groups.ResultsParental social support and covariates explained 9–13% of the variance in children’s energy balance-related behaviors. Family food culture was significantly associated with fruit and vegetable and sugar-sweetened beverage intake, with availability of sugar-sweetened beverages in the home also associated with sugar-sweetened beverage intake. Instrumental and emotional support for physical activity were significantly associated with the child’s physical activity. Results indicate that the association of various types of social support with children’s physical activity and eating behaviors differ across racial/ethnic groups.ConclusionsThese results provide considerations for future interventions that aim to enhance parental support to improve children’s energy balance-related behaviors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Association of parental social support with energy balance-related behaviors in low-income and ethnically diverse children: a cross-sectional study

Heredia

Ranjit

Warren³

et al. 2016

BMC Public Health

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“…Eating meals as a family and parental role modelling have both been associated with healthier adolescent eating behaviours (Fink et al., 2014, Gillman et al., 2000). Availability and accessibility of foods are powerful predictors of consumption, with greater availability and accessibility of fruits and vegetables being related to greater intake in children and adolescents (Cook et al., 2015, Loth et al., 2016, Pearson et al., 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual, behavioural and home environmental factors associated with eating behaviours in young adolescents

et al. 2017

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This study aimed to examine individual, behavioural and home environmental factors associated with frequency of consumption of fruit, vegetables and energy-dense snacks among adolescents. Adolescents aged 11–12 years (n = 521, 48% boys) completed a paper-based questionnaire during class-time which included a Food Frequency Questionnaire assessing their consumption of fruit, vegetables, and energy-dense (ED) snacks, and items assessing habits, self-efficacy, eating at the television (TV), eating with parents, parenting practices, and home availability and accessibility of foods. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that eating fruit and vegetables while watching TV and home availability and accessibility of fruit and vegetables were positively associated with frequency of fruit consumption and vegetable consumption, while home accessibility of ED snack foods was negatively associated with frequency of fruit consumption. Habit for eating ED snack foods in front the TV, eating ED snack foods while watching TV, and home availability of ED snacks were positively associated with frequency of ED snack consumption. This study has highlighted the importance of a healthy home environment for promoting fruit and vegetable intake in early adolescents and also suggests that, if snacking while TV viewing occurs, this could be a good opportunity for promoting fruit and vegetable intake. These findings are likely to be useful for supporting the development of multi-faceted interventions and aid us in knowing what advice to give to parents to help them to help their young adolescents to develop and maintain healthy eating habits.

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“…Formulation of proximal program objectives occurred as the first step in the mapping process. Based on the current evidence linking family meals with improved child diet and weight status [2–5], the following program objectives were formulated: 1) ‘Increase frequency of family meals prepared in the home (≥5 days/week)’ and 2) ‘Improve child diet quality (significantly increase Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score ( p < 0.05); increase servings of fruits and vegetables to meet Dietary Guidelines recommendations; significantly decrease daily servings of sugar sweetened beverages ( p < 0.05)’ (Table 2). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the current evidence linking family meals with improved child dietary intake (increased fruit and vegetable intake, decreased sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake) and weight status (decreased body mass index (BMI; (weight (kg)/height (m) 2 )) z-score) has significant limitations. The majority of the family meals literature – specifically in the area of childhood obesity prevention – represents observational studies, demonstrating only an associative relationship of family meals with child diet and weight status [2–5]. What’s more, racial and ethnic differences have been highly understudied; given that the segment of the United States (US) child population with high prevalence of obesity is racial and ethnic minorities [6], it has been suggested that this is an area in which additional research is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods and design of a 10-week multi-component family meals intervention: a two group quasi-experimental effectiveness trial

et al. 2017

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BackgroundGiven the ongoing childhood obesity public health crisis and potential protective effect of family meals, there is need for additional family meals research, specifically experimental studies with expanded health outcomes that focus on the at-risk populations in highest need of intervention. Future research, specifically intervention work, would also benefit from an expansion of the target age range to include younger children, who are laying the foundation of their eating patterns and capable of participating in family meal preparations. The purpose of this paper is to address this research gap by presenting the objectives and research methods of a 10-week multi-component family meals intervention study aimed at eliciting positive changes in child diet and weight status.MethodsThis will be a group quasi-experimental trial with staggered cohort design. Data will be collected via direct measure and questionnaires at baseline, intervention completion (or waiting period for controls), and 10-weeks post-intervention. Setting will be faith-based community center. Participants will be 60 underserved families with at least 1, 4–10 year old child will be recruited and enrolled in the intervention (n = 30) or waitlist control group (n = 30). The intervention (Simple Suppers) is a 10-week family meals program designed for underserved families from racial/ethnic diverse backgrounds. The 10, 90-min program lessons will be delivered weekly over the dinner hour. Session components include: a) interactive group discussion of strategies to overcome family meal barriers, plus weekly goal setting for caregivers; b) engagement in age-appropriate food preparation activities for children; and c) group family meal for caregivers and children. Main outcome measures are change in: child diet quality; child standardized body mass index; and frequency of family meals. Regression models will be used to compare response variables results of intervention to control group, controlling for confounders. Analyses will account for clustering by family and cohort. Significance will be set at p < 0.05.DiscussionThis is the first experimentally designed family meals intervention that targets underserved families with elementary school age children and includes an examination of health outcomes beyond weight status. Results will provide researchers and practitioners with insight on evidence-based programming to aid in childhood obesity prevention.Trial registration NCT02923050. Registered 03 October 2016. Retrospectively registered.

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Family Meals and Diet Quality Among Children and Adolescents in North Carolina

Cited by 43 publications

References 18 publications

Association of parental social support with energy balance-related behaviors in low-income and ethnically diverse children: a cross-sectional study

Association of parental social support with energy balance-related behaviors in low-income and ethnically diverse children: a cross-sectional study

Individual, behavioural and home environmental factors associated with eating behaviours in young adolescents

Methods and design of a 10-week multi-component family meals intervention: a two group quasi-experimental effectiveness trial

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