Family of the Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining Instruments (Ilseong-jeongsi-ui) Invented During the Joseon Dynasty

Lee, Yong Sam; Kim, Sang Hyuk; Mihn, Byeong-Hee

doi:10.5140/jass.2016.33.3.237

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…According to the Sejong Sillok's record it seems that 3 is used as the ratio of a circumference to its diameter, and the combination of two kinds of scale is never reflected, similarly to the Simplified Armilla. However, in the report of the artifact of the Simplified Sundial (Song et al 1994;Lee et al 2016), there is a clue that a circumference to diameter ratio of 3.14 was used. If the Celestial-circumference degree scale and the Hundred-interval time scale can be practically used on the common circumference, then the sizes of these rings based on the record of the Sejong Sillok meant a value of a middle diameter of that ring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As was described in the Sejong Sillok, every du of the Celestial-circumference ring was divided into 4 parts, and every interval of the two Hundred-interval ring was split into 6 parts. From the Simplified Sundial, it can be considered that the Hundred-interval scale is carved on the outer circle of the Sundial Hundred-interval ring of the Sun-and-Stars TimeDetermining Instrument (Lee et al 2016). This artifact has a single ring with the Hundred-interval scale of which every interval has 6 divisions, like the description of the Sejong Sillok.…”

Section: Ratio Of the Circular Circumferencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…3). The Simplified Time-Determining Instrument is the same structure as the Sun-and-Stars TimeDetermining Instrument (Lee et al 2016), and the lateral side of a wheel and handle, on which three rings are located and maintained, is drawn with arbitrary lines dividing 1 du into 4 notches. If the Celestial-circumference scale can be on the outer circumference of the outermost ring, it is convenient that these lines are easily drawn and compare with the outer ring's scales.…”

Section: Ratio Of the Circular Circumferencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Astronomical Instruments with Two Scales Drawn on Their Common Circumference of Rings in the Joseon Dynasty

Mihn¹,

Go-Eun²,

Lee³

2017

Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences

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This study examines the scale unique instruments used for astronomical observation during the Joseon dynasty. The Small Simplified Armillary Sphere (小簡儀, So-ganui) and the Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining Instrument (日星定時儀, Ilseong-jeongsi-ui) are minimized astronomical instruments, which can be characterized, respectively, as an observational instrument and a clock, and were influenced by the Simplified Armilla (簡儀, Jianyi) of the Yuan dynasty. These two instruments were equipped with several rings, and the rings of one were similar both in size and in scale to those of the other. Using the classic method of drawing the scale on the circumference of a ring, we analyze the scales of the Small Simplified Armillary Sphere and the Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining Instrument. Like the scale feature of the Simplified Armilla, we find that these two instruments selected the specific circumference which can be drawn by two kinds of scales. If Joseon’s astronomical instruments is applied by the dual scale drawing on one circumference, we suggest that 3.14 was used as the ratio of the circumference of circle, not 3 like China, when the ring’s size was calculated in that time. From the size of Hundred-interval disk of the extant Simplified Sundial in Korea, we make a conclusion that the three rings’ diameter of the Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining Instrument described in the Sejiong Sillok (世宗實錄, Veritable Records of the King Sejong) refers to that of the middle circle of every ring, not the outer circle. As analyzing the degree of 28 lunar lodges (lunar mansions) in the equator written by Chiljeongsan-naepyeon (七政算內篇, the Inner Volume of Calculation of the Motions of the Seven Celestial Determinants), we also obtain the result that the scale of the Celestial-circumference-degree in the Small Simplified Armillary Sphere was made with a scale error about 0.1 du in root mean square (RMS).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ratio Of the Circular Circumferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ratio Of the Circular Circumferencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Astronomical Instruments with Two Scales Drawn on Their Common Circumference of Rings in the Joseon Dynasty

Mihn¹,

Go-Eun²,

Lee³

2017

Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences

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“…In addition, the social moral norm to which women had to adhere was Ilbujongsa so that women's remarriage was regulated, and thus, the reality faced by Joseon women was to faithfully play the given role as a member of the husband's family community, the husband's wife, and daughter-in-law. The previous research notes that although Joseon women lost their rights as daughters, they actively secured their status by finding the rights guaranteed as daughters-in-law (이순구 Lee, Sun-gu 2005). Nonetheless, it remained unchanged that women still had to struggle alone in the husband's family community due to the patriarchal social structure of Joseon.…”

Section: Subordination Under the Hierarchy Of The Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding female identity in the Neo-Confucian country of Joseon: analysis of female-related crimes in “Sabeobpumbo” (司法稟報)

Han

2022

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This research analyzes female-related cases in Sabeobpumbo (사법품보, 司法稟報) to examine Joseon women’s identity and perceptions of their role in the patriarchal society. Since women’s chastity was directly related to their social value, it was sometimes traded for their lives. Women were often unfairly reprehended when involved in domestic conflicts because of their lower status and they have been understood as individuals who faithfully followed the agnatic principle. However, there were exceptions, and Sabeobpumbo contained extraordinary accounts of various Joseon women in which they were described as independent and displayed active defiance in response to their highly conservative society while hoping to break free from the rigid social structure. In some cases, Joseon women decisively left their husbands for various reasons, mostly involving financial instability or neglecting duties. Furthermore, some women went to incredible lengths to preserve their husband’s and his family’s dignity. Interestingly enough, these women were not only absolved from their actions but even met with silent approval from the public. These examples provide an intriguing perspective that directly clashes with the accepted norms during the Joseon Dynasty and calls for further research on the complexities of female identity as a Joseon woman.

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Structural Changes of the Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining Instrument

Kim

Mihn

2019

The Growth and Development of Astronomy and Astrophysics in India and the Asia-Pacific Region

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Family of the Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining Instruments (Ilseong-jeongsi-ui) Invented During the Joseon Dynasty

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Astronomical Instruments with Two Scales Drawn on Their Common Circumference of Rings in the Joseon Dynasty

Astronomical Instruments with Two Scales Drawn on Their Common Circumference of Rings in the Joseon Dynasty

Finding female identity in the Neo-Confucian country of Joseon: analysis of female-related crimes in “Sabeobpumbo” (司法稟報)

Structural Changes of the Sun-and-Stars Time-Determining Instrument

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