Family policy and women's employment outcomes in 45 high‐income countries: A systematic qualitative review of 238 comparative and national studies

Ferragina, Emanuele

doi:10.1111/spol.12584

Cited by 47 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 138 publications

(136 reference statements)

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“…First, the 'flow' measure 'paid leave duration' includes the duration of paid maternity, parental and home care leave available to mothers and fathers, measured in weeks. This one indicator includes three different sets of policies with different objectives and, as shown in previous work, with different outcomes (Ferragina, 2020;Thévenon and Solaz, 2013). For instance, maternity benefits are long-standing policies with the purpose of protecting maternal health, while home care leaves (or cash-for-care schemes) actually disincentivize parents, in reality mothers, to return to the labour market.…”

Section: Are Stocks Buffers and Flows Conceptually And Empirically Distinguishable?mentioning

confidence: 99%

What a social investment ‘litmus test’ must address: A response to Plavgo and Hemerijck

Parolin

Lancker

2021

Journal of European Social Policy

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Throughout the past decade, the notion that social policy should be applied as a tool to enhance the productive capacity of families, rather than to smooth consumption, has gained considerable traction under the moniker of social investment (SI). Against lingering critiques of the usefulness of SI research, primarily present bivariate, cross-sectional correlations of national-level outcomes to provide what they call a ‘social investment litmus test’. They conclude that SI policies are effective at achieving ‘positive returns in employment and poverty mitigation’. They also present evidence to suggest that ‘passive’ income supports are not effective at reducing poverty and promoting employment. Given the importance of their claims and the pre-eminence of SI in recent social policy literature, we feel compelled to respond and clarify that the authors’ findings do not support their conclusions. In doing so, we (1) review the central claims from the authors’ study, (2) provide evidence as to why the authors’ findings do not support their claims of a ‘social investment litmus test’, and (3) propose a path forward for a more critical assessment of the performance of policies labelled as SI.

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Section: Are Stocks Buffers and Flows Conceptually And Empirically Distinguishable?mentioning

confidence: 99%

What a social investment ‘litmus test’ must address: A response to Plavgo and Hemerijck

Parolin

Lancker

2021

Journal of European Social Policy

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“…In several groups, adolescents even report slightly more traditional ideologies than their parents, which may be because paid and unpaid work practices in families are frequently more traditional than reported gender ideologies. Various family policy measures, such as the individual entitlement to well-paid parental leave of moderate length and high-quality, affordable childcare provision (for reviews, see Ferragina 2020;Ray et al 2010), have been shown to effectively incentivise maternal labour market attachment and fathers' involvement in childcare. Such measures may therefore indirectly promote more egalitarian ideologies among the next generation.…”

Section: Practice Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socialisation Influences on Gender Ideologies of Immigrant and Native Youth in Germany, England, Sweden and the Netherlands

Guerrero

Schober

2020

Sex Roles

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Adolescence is a crucial life course phase for identity formation, and youths’ gender ideologies significantly predict gendered behaviours and longer-term transitions. With Western post-industrial societies becoming more culturally diverse, the present study provides novel cross-nationally comparative evidence on gender socialisation processes among native and immigrant youth in Sweden, Germany, England, and the Netherlands, which vary in gender and migration policies and cultures. In addition to parents’ gender ideologies, the study also considers classmates’ gender ideologies as factors shaping 14-year-old adolescents’ gender ideologies. The analysis draws on 5917 adolescent-parent dyads from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study which we link with country-level gender empowerment measures from the United Nations. Remarkably, with the exception of native female adolescents in England and Germany, parents tend to report slightly more egalitarian beliefs than adolescents across the four countries. OLS regressions show that parents’ and classmates’ gender ideologies correlate significantly with adolescents’ ideologies, with little variation across gender and immigrant groups in all four countries. From a policy and practical point of view, the great similarity in the intergenerational transmission of gender beliefs across diverse family backgrounds as well as cultural and policy contexts seem remarkable.

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“…Over the last five decades, the family policy systems of developed countries have become increasingly diverse and layered into national income transfer and welfare service systems [75]. Public childcare expansion has been "the most remarkable family policy development" [76] (p. 2) and "the most recent and most rapidly expanding component of the family policy package" [77] (p. 21), which has sought to mitigate the social risks of modern society while promoting economic policy efforts by enabling women to participate in working life.…”

Section: Economic and Environmental Aspects Of Family And Child Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Family Life and Child Welfare: A Conceptual Framework

2020

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Although there have been developments in family and child welfare services, these have not been prioritized from a sustainability perspective. This article aims to provide a framework for supporting sustainable provisions for family and child welfare. We demonstrate how the need for a socially sustainable stance on family and child welfare arises from the recognition of global changes that constantly influence families as well as children’s rights, which ground child- and family-centered actions. The conceptual framework includes three overarching dimensions and four levels of actors that provide a body for 16 conceptual entities in providing socially sustainable family and child welfare. The analysis showed that functional child welfare and family policies, systems, and practices appear essential elements, even necessary preconditions, of sustainability and sustainable development in general. Leaning on the concept of children’s rights, we conclude that the idea of child welfare promises citizens that society has committed to promoting all children’s wellbeing. Implementation of this requires a shared understanding that the conceptual framework provided in this paper urges to actualize.

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Family policy and women's employment outcomes in 45 high‐income countries: A systematic qualitative review of 238 comparative and national studies

Cited by 47 publications

References 138 publications

What a social investment ‘litmus test’ must address: A response to Plavgo and Hemerijck

What a social investment ‘litmus test’ must address: A response to Plavgo and Hemerijck

Socialisation Influences on Gender Ideologies of Immigrant and Native Youth in Germany, England, Sweden and the Netherlands

Sustainable Family Life and Child Welfare: A Conceptual Framework

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