“…In regard to the broader community, such factors may increase children's risk for psychosocial difficulties either directly or indirectly (e.g., by exacerbating family-level stressors). For example, violence in the community can have a spillover effect by increasing conflict within the family (e.g., Boxer et al, 2013; Halpern, 2001). In contrast, family cohesion, emotional security within the family and community, and high levels of social support and acceptance have all been identified as key attenuators of the effects of exposure to violence on child adjustment (Betancourt, Brennan, Rubin-Smith, Fitzmaurice, & Gilman, 2010; Cummings et al, 2011; O'Donnell, Schwab-Stone, & Muveed, 2002; Peltonen, Qouta, El Sarraj, & Punamäki, 2010).…”