Family system outcome following acquired brain injury: clinical and research perspectives

Gan, Caron; Schuller, Regina A.

doi:10.1080/02699050110104426

Cited by 50 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…Depression is examined in relation to adult attachment anxiety and avoidance, perceived social support, and proposed as a measurement of the absence of resilience. Specifically, the acquisition of a disability can negatively impact social support, increase the likelihood of experiencing depression, and activate the attachment system (Armstrong, 1991;Dreer, Elliott, Shewchuk, & Berry, 2007;Gan & Schuller, 2002). The possible relationships between sustaining a disability and attachment strategies, social support, resilience, and depression are integrated throughout the chapter.…”

Section: Dodd Zane Effects Of Adult Romantic Attachment and Social mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Family dysfunction was found to be higher across all domains of family functioning measured by Gan and Schuller (2002) for individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI). Kowakowsky-Hayner and Kishore (1999) reported an increased stress level for 75% of family members after a 26 traumatic injury (TI) and no distinguishable differences were observed between families of individuals with SCI or TBI.…”

Section: Models Of Social Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dreer et al (2007) reported that depression was higher in caregivers of patients with SCI than in a non-SCI population. They suggest that role overload, lack of information, financial strain, impaired quality of life, change in health status, and emotional problems all contribute to the caregiver's increased vulnerability to depression.Family dysfunction was found to be higher across all domains of family functioning measured by Gan and Schuller (2002) for individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI). Kowakowsky-Hayner and Kishore (1999) reported an increased stress level for 75% of family members after a 26 traumatic injury (TI) and no distinguishable differences were observed between families of individuals with SCI or TBI.…”

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Effects of Adult Romantic Attachment and Social Support on Resilience and Depression in Patients With Acquired Disabilities

Dodd¹

2011

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Dodd, Zane. Effects of adult romantic attachment and social support on resilience and depression in patients with acquired disabilities. Doctor of Philosophy (Counseling Psychology)August 2010, 84 pp., 7 tables, 6 figures, references, 109 titles.The acquirement of a disability (e.g., spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, amputation, multi trauma) is a risk factor for psychological disturbance (e.g., depression).Research has established that social support and secure attachment are protective factors against psychological disturbance. Attachment patterns have also been associated with differences in perceived social support. Secure attachment and higher perceived social support have been implicated in greater levels of resilience but need to be validated with a population of individuals who have acquired a disability.The Experiences in Close Relationships, Social Provisions Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Personal Health Questionnaire -9 Depression Scale, and a Demographic were administered to 102 adult inpatients at a rehabilitation hospital undergoing an individualized rehabilitation program. Two MANOVAs were conducted to examine the direct associations of attachment classifications with the major dependent variables, as well as the various social support subscales. Path analysis tested two mediational models suggested by literature. Model 1 assessed the mediating role of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance on the effect of social support on depression and resilience. Model 2 assessed the mediating role of social support on the effect of attachment anxiety or attachment avoidance on depression and resilience.Partial support was obtained for both models based on fit indices. A small but significant difference in the fit of the models was found, favoring Model 1. Clinical and research implications for this population and the limitations of the study are discussed.ii Ruocco, Swirsky-Sacchetti, & Choca, 2007). In a review of SCI, Richards, Kewman, and Pierce (2000) report that depression is a common problem for individuals with SCI and is related to longer hospital stays, pressure sores, urinary tract infections, spending more time in bed, and increased overall medical expenses. Richards et al. (2000) also review findings that demonstrate the suicide rates are 5-10 times higher in individuals with SCI than the general population.While anxiety disorders have not received as much attention among the SCI population, evidence suggests anxiety rates, social anxiety, and post traumatic stress disorder are elevated (Richards et al., 2000). Individuals with an amputation are also at increased risk for problematic outcomes, including: insomnia, sadness, clinical depression, body image concerns, perceptions of social stigma, feelings of vulnerability, as well as death within two years of surgery (Rybarczyk, Szymanski, & Nicholas, 2000).The importance of social support to resilience has been established in the general and acquired disability populations (Chwalisz & Vaux, 2000;Luthar, 2006;Masten, 2001)...

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Section: Dodd Zane Effects Of Adult Romantic Attachment and Social mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Models Of Social Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of Adult Romantic Attachment and Social Support on Resilience and Depression in Patients With Acquired Disabilities

Dodd¹

2011

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“…Numerous issues have been reported in studies of caregivers, including family strain, depression, emotional difficulties, burden, anxiety, social isolation, loss of income, and problems adjusting to new roles [Lezak, 1986;Rivara et al, 1992;Ergh et al, 2002;Gan and Schuller, 2002;Wade et al, 1998Wade et al, , 2006a. Further, parents of children with BI also have more difficulty than parents of children without BI expressing their emotional and personal needs, placing them at even higher risk for persistent and worsening difficulties [Wade, 2006].…”

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“…Investigators have established that interventions for pediatric BI should target the family because changes in one family member will affect the entire family system [Maitz and Sachs, 1995;Gan and Schuller, 2002;Laroi, 2003;Cavallo et al, 2005;Gan et al, 2006]. However, very few evidencesupported interventions have been developed to target the entire family [Zitnay et al, 2008].…”

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A review of family intervention guidelines for pediatric acquired brain injuries

Cole

Paulos

Cole

et al. 2009

Dev Disabil Res Revs

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Pediatric acquired brain injury (BI) not only affects the child with the injury, but also greatly impacts their family. Studies suggest there are higher rates of caregiver and sibling psychological distress after a child in the family has sustained a BI. Also, family functioning after BI impacts the child's recovery. In reviewing the literature, we identified seven theoretical clinical guidelines for working with families of children and adolescents with BI. These clinical guidelines are as follows: (1) select developmentally appropriate interventions, (2) match the intervention to the family, (3) provide advocacy, (4) provide injury education, (5) focus on family realignment, (6) appropriately adjust the child's environment, and (7) provide skills training to the family and child. The existing research on family interventions for BI is reviewed within the context of these theoretical guidelines, and the empirical support for each guideline is subsequently evaluated using specific criteria for empirically supported treatments. Unfortunately, very few randomized controlled studies exist, and continued research is needed to classify all clinical guidelines as "efficacious." In addition, continued research will aid in informing professionals of specific approaches to utilize when working with a family of a child with BI. Currently, clinicians and researchers can turn to the existing clinical guidelines to help address the numerous barriers posed by implementing and studying family interventions for pediatric BI.

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Application of Motivational Interviewing to Neuropsychology Practice: A New Frontier for Evaluations and Rehabilitation

Suarez

2010

The Little Black Book of Neuropsychology

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Family system outcome following acquired brain injury: clinical and research perspectives

Abstract: Family members identified distressed family functioning across all domains compared to survivors and compared to population norms. The FAM-III provides clinical utility in assessing family system functioning and shows promise as a family system outcome measure.

Cited by 50 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of Adult Romantic Attachment and Social Support on Resilience and Depression in Patients With Acquired Disabilities

Effects of Adult Romantic Attachment and Social Support on Resilience and Depression in Patients With Acquired Disabilities

A review of family intervention guidelines for pediatric acquired brain injuries

Application of Motivational Interviewing to Neuropsychology Practice: A New Frontier for Evaluations and Rehabilitation

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