“…In particular, the theory based on the classical coupling effect between the thermodynamics and elasticity [35] , [36] , rigorously describes the mechanism of optoacoustic wave generation in objects of macroscopic scales. When OA characterization-based inspection is extended to objects having microscopic or even smaller scales, the two-temperature model [28] , [30] , [32] , [37] has been proven effect of interpreting the ultrafast (of the order of sub-picosecond) generation of OA waves which are known as hypersound [37] or GHz phonon [30] , [38] . Two-temperature model reveals phonons are generated via the sequential energy transportation from photons, electrons, to phonons, spanning a broad acoustic spectrum ranging from 10 GHz to 1 THz [39] , [40] .…”