Far-field responses to stimulation of the cochlear nucleus by microsurgically placed penetrating and surface electrodes in the cat

Abstract

Microsurgical insertion of electrodes into the CN complex may be guided and monitored using techniques similar to those applied for implantation of surface electrodes. Lower thresholds and almost equivalent dynamic ranges indicate that a more direct access to secondary auditory neurons is achieved using penetrating electrodes.

Auditory responses to electric and infrared neural stimulation of the rat cochlear nucleus

“…Electric stimulation applied to the surface of the CN evoked robust ABRs, as previously reported in experimental animals (Rosahl et al, 2001) and in humans who are undergoing surgery to receive the auditory brainstem implant (Frohne et al, 2000; O’Driscoll et al, 2011; Waring et al, 1999; Waring, 1998). In our study, the stimulation site was likely to be the dorsal subdivision of the CN, because it is visible and accessible on the dorsal surface of the brainstem (Fig.…”

Intraorbital optic nerve stimulation with penetrating electrodes: in vivo electrophysiology study in rabbits

“…Neural microstimulation with penetrating electrodes has been reported to have a low threshold and provide a high resolution compared with surface electrodes [1,2,36]. Therefore, our group has proposed a novel visual prosthesis based on intraorbital optic nerve stimulation with penetrating electrodes recently [30].…”

Spatiotemporal Properties of Multipeaked Electrically Evoked Potentials Elicited by Penetrative Optic Nerve Stimulation in Rabbits

“…Compared with surface electrical stimulation, penetrating electrodes have a lower threshold and better spatial resolution. 24 Recently, our group proposed a new visual prosthesis based on ON stimulation with a penetrating multielectrode array. 25 In this approach, the penetrating array acts as a neural interface to couple the encoded electrical stimuli to the axons of the ganglion cells local to each electrode.…”