Farm-Based Environmental and Economic Impacts of the Drip Irrigation System

Abstract

Drip irrigation has received considerable attention from policy makers, researchers, and economists for its ability to contribute significantly improvements to water resource development, agricultural productivity, economic growth, and environmental sustainability. In this paper, the impact of drip irrigation has been studied on a farming system in terms of environmental and economic conditions using the developed Trickle Irrigation System Design Modeling (TISD). The environmental conditions included soil type, land topography, climate zones, water sources, their quality, and the farm dimensions. The economic conditions comprised of real and nominal interest rates, raw land price, and the energy and labor escalation rates. The study considered only the Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) to indicate the impact of environmental and economic parameters on the use of the drip irrigation system. The study used tomato-sesame as a crop rotation (line-source) and citrus as a long-life tree (point-source). Some parameters such as soil type, land topography, and water quality had a significant impact on the BCR.

A Systematic Review of Ontology-Based River Streamflow and Flood Data Management Challenges

“…The monsoon season normally becomes alarming due to the variable melting rate of glaciers and irregular patterns of heavy rainfall, climate change [9], and an increase in temperature and environmental pollution from increasing industrialization without inadequate proactive measures. The increasing scarcity of water demands for optimization of water resources through the use of drip irrigation [10] based systems and distribution of water for crops needs. The a dire need for the designing and development of a sustainable framework and data-intensive decision support system by coping domain challenges.…”

“…Information-centric flood ontology [5] X X X Geo-ontology-based emergency management [10] X X X X X Ontology-based framework for flood disasters [11] X X X X X A semantic sensor web for environmental Decision Support [12] X X X X X Ontology for Sharing and Managing Information in Disaster Response [13] X X X SoKNOS [14] X X X Ontology-based knowledge management framework for a distributed water [15] X X X X framework for flooding forecasting [1] X SSN Ontology [16] X X X Linked data for crisis management [17] X X X X X TABLE 2: Challenges for streamflow and flood data modeling explicit classes and relations. The famous ontology development IDE protégé and Jena Framework provide support for these reasoners.…”

“…Information-centric [5] X X X X X Emergency management [10] X X X X Framework for flood disasters [11] X X X X X Environmental Decision Support [12] X X X X X Sharing and Managing Information in Disaster Response [13] X X X X X SoKNOS [14] X X X X X A knowledge management framework for a distributed water [15] X X X X X Flooding forecasting framework [1] X X X X SSN Ontology [16] X X Linked data for crisis management [17] X X X X WaterOnto [18] X X X X X X…”