Farmers Drive Genetic Diversity of Thai Purple Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Landraces

Pusadee, Tonapha; Wongtamee, Anupong; Rerkasem, Benjavan; Olsen, Kenneth M.; Jamjod, Sansanee

doi:10.1007/s12231-018-9436-0

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Pigmented rice has long been part of the Asian rice culture (Appa et al, 2006;Sukhonthara et al, 2009). Pigmented rice has been reported to have much lower genetic diversity and higher homozygosity (Pusadee et al, 2019;Vilayheuang et al, 2016) compared with the local germplasm of ordinary white rice (Huang et al, 2010;Pusadee et al, 2009Pusadee et al, , 2014Roy et al, 2016;Wunna et al, 2016), possibly due to the more conservative management of a small area of the crop (<5% of the total rice area) for special usages in making ceremonial preparation and desserts. In spite of this, there is clear evidence of variation in functional traits in the range of anthocyanin, phenols and anti-oxidative capacity found in this study among the 10 single-seed decent lines of each of the selected farmer's rice seed stock.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying rice grains with premium nutritional quality among on-farm germplasm in the highlands of Northern Thailand

Sreethong

Prom‐u‐thai

Rerkasem

et al. 2020

Qual. Assur. Saf. Crops Foods

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Local rice varieties with premium nutritional quality grains are beneficial to consumers, and their genetic traits may be deployed in breeding programmes for many purposes. This study explores grain quality characteristics with health implications of rice germplasm maintained and used by farmers in the highlands of Northern Thailand. Concentrations of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), phenols and anthocyanin and anti-oxidative capacity were determined in the caryopsis without husk of 77 samples of rice seed collected from farmers. Entries with the highest grain quality characteristics identified were grown together with four standard check varieties at two different elevations in a farmer's field at Mae Wang District of Chiang Mai province (800 m above mean sea level), as well as in pots at Chiang Mai University (CMU) (330 m above mean sea level). The grain quality characteristics were determined at maturity, separately for 10 individual plants grown at CMU. A wide variation in all the grain quality characteristics was found among samples grown in the farmer's field. There were approximately twofold differences in the lowest and highest Fe and Zn concentrations, especially high variation in contents of phenols and anthocyanin and anti-oxidative capacity found in grain with purple pericarp. The top entries identified from the farmer's seed had significantly higher anthocyanin concentration and anti-oxidative capacity than the check varieties when grown together at Mae Wang and CMU, in spite of the strong locality-specific effects on these characteristics. Further variation was found in the grain quality characteristics within each of the selected farmer's seed samples. Quality improvement could thus be made by either eliminating the poorest performing lines or development of single-seed descent lines from the top-performing plants. The desirable genetic traits can also be used in breeding programme for improvement of grain yield as well as cooking and nutritional quality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The economic potential of pigmented rice lies in the emerging market for premium-priced special-quality rice as health food and supplements (e.g. see Boonsit et al, 2010;Panomjan et al, 2016;Pusadee et al, 2019;Saeton, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying rice grains with premium nutritional quality among on-farm germplasm in the highlands of Northern Thailand

Sreethong

Prom‐u‐thai

Rerkasem

et al. 2020

Qual. Assur. Saf. Crops Foods

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“…To effectively utilize this germplasm, an assessment and classification of the diversity is necessary. While studies on genetic diversity are available for many rice collections around the world [19,20], those for Thai rice germplasm have been conducted on limited sets of accessions [21][22][23][24][25]. According to the previous studies on the genetic structure of Thai rice evaluated using indel and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, two distinct groups of rice accessions have been revealed to correspond to indica and japonica groups [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Thailand’s Rice Landraces Using SNP Markers

et al. 2021

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Rice is a staple food for more than half of the world’s population. Modern rice varieties have been developed for high yield and quality; however, there has been a substantial loss of diversity. A greater number of genetically dynamic landraces could offer valuable and useful genetic resources for rice improvement. In this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of 365 accessions of lowland and upland landraces from four populations from different geographical regions of Thailand were investigated using 75 SNP markers. Clustering analyses using maximum likelihood, Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA), and Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components (DAPC) clustered these landraces into two main groups, corresponding to indica and japonica groups. The indica group was further clustered into two subgroups according to the DAPC and STRUCTURE analyses (K = 3). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) analysis results revealed that 91% of the variation was distributed among individuals, suggesting a high degree of genetic differentiation among rice accessions within the populations. Pairwise FST showed the greatest genetic differentiation between the northeastern and southern populations and the smallest genetic differentiation between the northern and northeastern populations. Isolation-by-distance analysis based on a Mantel test indicated a significant relationship between the genetic distance and geographic distance among the Thai rice landraces. The results from this study provide insight into the genetic diversity of Thai rice germplasm, which will enhance the germplasm characterization, conservation, and utilization in rice genetics and breeding.

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“…The golden rice, on the other hand, could be highly marketable as a premium quality and priced rice for its high beta carotene content and remarkable colour, along the same line as pigmented rice in black, purple or red colour (e.g. see Htwe et al 2010a, b;Panomjan et al 2016;Pusadee et al 2019), although this would be contrary to the objective of its development in overcoming vitamin A deficiency in low-income rice consumers.…”

Section: Nutritional Quality For Human and Crop Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice quality improvement. A review

Prom‐u‐thai

Rerkasem

2020

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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The value of rice to producers and consumers can be markedly increased by grain quality improvement. However, effective increase in the economic and nutritive value of rice can only be made with a better understanding of the conditions governing the production of rice with different grain types and quality and the control of quality along the value chain. This review examines the conditions governing the production of rice with price differentiated grain types and grades, with the aim to identify the limits and opportunities for quality and value upgrading. This begins with the production of Basmati and Hom Mali, the most expensive rice on global market, followed by a review of the effectiveness of rice breeding and management, and the roles of postharvest sorting and quality control, with the following conclusions. The production of rice with the highest price and quality is restricted by the eco-geographical limits. A substantial quality improvement has been achieved within each grain type through breeding, with grain quality as the key attribute differentiating modern high-yielding rice varieties that have become mega-varieties from those that have not. Due to the general preference for unbroken rice kernels, the value of rice is increased with grain breakage reduction at harvest and postharvest. The paddy from Asia's numerous small farms, with diverse ecological and socio-economic conditions, is required to be sorted into quality and price differentiated segments of the value chain, so providing the incentives to manage for quality. Incentives are also required for nutrient-enriched rice to be segregated from the non-enriched grain, to impact the nutrient intake of low-income rice consumers. Ambitious rice development strategies aiming to improve grain quality are effective and sustainable only with the recognition of key quality control processes, and the need for quality differentiating management along the value chain. Keywords Basmati . Hom Mali . Jasmine . Nutrient enrichment . Thailand . Value chain Contents 1. Introduction 2. The agro-ecological niche of rice quality 3. Quality improvement through breeding and management 4. Sorting and quality control along the value chain 5. Nutritional quality for human and crop health 6. Conclusion References * Benjavan Rerkasem

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Farmers Drive Genetic Diversity of Thai Purple Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Landraces

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Identifying rice grains with premium nutritional quality among on-farm germplasm in the highlands of Northern Thailand

Identifying rice grains with premium nutritional quality among on-farm germplasm in the highlands of Northern Thailand

Estimation of the Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Thailand’s Rice Landraces Using SNP Markers

Rice quality improvement. A review

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