Farmers' knowledge, perceptions, and management practices of the new invasive pest, fall armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>) in Ethiopia and Kenya

Kumela, Teshome; Simiyu, Josephine; Sisay, Birhanu; Likhayo, Paddy; Mendesil, Esayas; Gohole, Linnet; Tefera, Tadele

doi:10.1080/09670874.2017.1423129

Cited by 251 publications

(281 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Results of this study are based on socio‐economic survey and farmer estimates of yield loss, which was also conditional on perceived crop damage/pest severity. While results are in tandem with other surveys undertaken in different countries in Africa estimating maize yield loss due to fall armyworm in the range of 22–67%, other researchers using different methods (field scouting and harvesting of quadrants) estimate yield impact due to fall armyworm in Africa at about 9% . This estimate is much lower than what has been reported by socio‐economic surveys.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…According to intercropping increases plant diversity on the farm, encouraging natural enemies. Use of other non‐chemical practices such as ash/soil and plant extracts have also shown potential with regard to fall armyworm management, besides providing low‐cost options for smallholder farmers . Silva and Broglio also show that aqueous extracts of neem seed cake were effective for control of fall armyworm on maize in Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notwithstanding the high pesticide use for fall armyworm management, recent studies in Africa have shown mixed results on the effect of pesticide application on fall armyworm. The findings largely suggest the limited efficacy of pesticides in controlling this pest or reducing its damage and impacts . This has been attributed to wrong pesticides being applied or poor timing of the application.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data for 2016 and 2017 seasons were based on recall, while for 2018 the yield data was based on actual or estimated yield/prediction where farmers had not harvested yet. This estimation approach has been used in various studies as a direct estimate of average crop yield . Local harvest quantity units were converted to kilograms and area units were converted to hectares to ensure comparability across study locations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Farmer perception of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiderda J.E. Smith) and farm‐level management practices in Zambia

Kansiime

Mugambi

Rwomushana

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

127

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BACKGROUND This paper documents farmer perceptions and management practices for fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiderda J.E. Smith), providing a baseline for the development of sustainable pest management strategies. RESULTS 91% of farmers correctly identified fall armyworm, and reported it as the most important maize pest during 2016/2017 cropping season, affecting nearly half of cultivated area. Estimated maize yield loss during the season, attributed to fall armyworm was 28%. A majority of farmers (60%) used pesticides for fall armyworm control, along with other cultural/physical practices – hand picking and crushing egg masses/caterpillars (36%), and application of ash/sand in the funnel (19%). Farmers used various pesticide active ingredients, and protective measures were inadequate; >50% of farmers did not use any protective measures while spraying. Significantly more male than female farmers used pesticides (P = 0.05), and the reverse was true for cultural practices. Significant maize yield differences (P = 0.001) were observed by gender, attributed to differences in utilization of production inputs/practices. At least 77% of farmers received and shared agricultural advice, which can be optimized to spread information on fall armyworm management options. CONCLUSION Increased use of pesticides to manage fall armyworm poses health and environmental risks, besides the high cost for farmers and governments. Research into cultural and indigenous practices used by farmers will offer opportunities for alternative and sustainable management practices. Research efforts should pay attention to gender differences in access to resources and inputs. Tackling fall armyworm at the farm level, and averting yield losses will require integrated messaging addressing other production risks. © 2019 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Farmer perception of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiderda J.E. Smith) and farm‐level management practices in Zambia

Kansiime

Mugambi

Rwomushana

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

127

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“…() reported over 60% of farmers interviewed in Ghana and Zambia had applied pesticides, while Kumela et al. () found 48% of farmers used chemical sprays in Ethiopia and Kenya. Pesticide dealers and local producers of “organic” concoctions, which may be unproven and unregistered, have been quick to seize the opportunity to market their products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of potential biopesticide options for managing fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Africa

Bateman

Day

Rwomushana

et al. 2018

J Applied Entomology

130

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The fall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera frugiperda) originates from the tropical and sub‐tropical regions of the Americas. Recently it was reported for the first time in Africa and has since spread rapidly across more than 30 countries in the continent. Chemical pesticides are being promoted and used for FAW management, but where application practices and/or the active ingredients are unsafe there is a need to make effective, low‐risk products available. Given that biopesticides such as microbials and microbial extracts, macrobials and semiochemicals are generally considered to be lower risk options for pest management, they are a promising avenue for exploration. When used in conjunction with good crop management, they can help to keep pest levels under control, reducing the need to apply other pesticides. This study provides a basis for designing interventions to make biopesticides more widely available for FAW control in Africa. It summarizes assessments of the registered pesticides and biopesticides for 30 countries, 11 in FAW's native range and 19 in Africa. The report identifies biopesticide active ingredients (AI) which are registered for use against FAW and provides an assessment of how appropriate these will be for use by smallholder farmers in Africa. For each biopesticide AI identified, detailed profiles were developed which covered the efficacy of the AI against FAW; the human health and environmental hazards associated with the AI; the agronomic sustainability of the AI; and whether or not the AI is practical for smallholder farmers to use. Using these data, a list of priority biopesticides for which follow‐up action is recommended was compiled. Fifty biopesticide AI were identified, which have been registered in one or more of the 30 countries for FAW management. Twenty‐three of these are recommended for follow‐up, for example field trials or bioassays.

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Fall‐armyworm invasion, control practices and resistance breeding in Sub‐Saharan Africa

Matova

Kamutando

Magorokosho³

et al. 2020

Crop Science

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Fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith); FAW] invasion has exacerbated maize (Zea mays L.) crop yield losses in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), already threatened by other stresses, especially those that are climate‐change induced. The FAW is difficult to control, manage, or eradicate, because it is polyphagous and trans‐boundary, multiplies fast, has a short life cycle and migrates easily, and lacks the diapause growth phase. In this study, FAW and its impact in Africa was reviewed, as well as past and present control strategies for this pest. Pesticides, cultural practices, natural enemies, host‐plant resistance, integrated pest management (IPM), and plant breeding approaches were examined as possible control strategies. It was concluded that an IPM control strategy, guided by cultural approaches already being used by farmers, and what can be adopted from the Americas, coupled with an insect‐resistance management strategy, is the best option to manage this pest in Africa. These strategies will be strengthened by breeding for multi‐trait host‐plant resistance through stacking of genes for different modes of control of the pest.

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Farmers' knowledge, perceptions, and management practices of the new invasive pest, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Ethiopia and Kenya

Cited by 251 publications

References 10 publications

Farmer perception of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiderda J.E. Smith) and farm‐level management practices in Zambia

Farmer perception of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiderda J.E. Smith) and farm‐level management practices in Zambia

Assessment of potential biopesticide options for managing fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Africa

Fall‐armyworm invasion, control practices and resistance breeding in Sub‐Saharan Africa

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