Farming and Trade in Amheida/Trimithis (Dakhla Oasis, Egypt): New Insights from Archaeobotanical Analysis

Caracuta, Valentina; Fiorentino, Girolamo; Davoli, Paola; Bagnall, Roger S.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-89839-1_4

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Olives appear to be established later than grapes in Egypt, possibly only in the New Kingdom when shaduf irrigation facilitated the expansion and diversification of garden and orchard cultivation (Eyre 1994 ). Earlier finds may indicate importation of olives to Egypt during the Middle Kingdom, from ca 2000 bc (Caracuta et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Results: West Asia—the Domestication and Dispersal Of Fig Gmentioning

confidence: 96%

Between domestication and civilization: the role of agriculture and arboriculture in the emergence of the first urban societies

Fuller

Stevens

2019

Veget Hist Archaeobot

114

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The transition to urbanism has long focused on annual staple crops (cereals and legumes), perhaps at the expense of understanding other changes within agricultural practices that occurred between the end of the initial domestication period and urbanisation. This paper examines the domestication and role of fruit tree crops within urbanisation in both Western Asia and China, using a combination of evidence for morphological change and a database that documents both the earliest occurrence of tree fruit crops and their spread beyond their wild range. In Western Asia the domestication of perennial fruit crops likely occurs between 6500 bc and 3500 bc, although it accompanies a shift in location from that of the earliest domestications within the Fertile Crescent to Mesopotamia, where the earliest urban societies arose. For China, fruit-tree domestication dates between ca 4000 and 2500 bc, commencing after millet domestication and rice domestication in Northern and Southern China, respectively, but within the period that led up to the urban societies that characterised the Longshan period in the Yellow River basin and the Liangzhu Culture in the Lower Yangtze. These results place the domestication of major fruit trees between the end of the domestication of staple annual crops and the rise of urbanism. On this basis it is argued that arboriculture played a fundamental role within the re-organisation of existing land use, shifting the emphasis from short-term returns of cereal crops into longer term investment in the developing agricultural landscape in both Western and East Asia. In this respect perennial tree crops can be placed alongside craft specialisation, such as metallurgy and textiles, in the formation of urban centres and the shaping the organisational administration that accompanied the rise of urbanism.

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Section: Results: West Asia—the Domestication and Dispersal Of Fig Gmentioning

confidence: 96%

Between domestication and civilization: the role of agriculture and arboriculture in the emergence of the first urban societies

Fuller

Stevens

2019

Veget Hist Archaeobot

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The depictions of feasts contain bias both as representing only the upper classes as well as being idealized depictions of these special events (Harrington et al 2016). Archaeological evidence of foods from middens and graves also provide insight (Caracuta et al 2018;Kemp et al 1994;Moens and Wetterstrom 1988). The core of Dynastic Egyptian diet was C 3 plants: bread made from wheat, especially emmer (Triticum dicoccon), leafy vegetables such as onions and leeks (Allium spp.…”

Section: Bronze Age Diet In Egyptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-isotopic study of diet and mobility in the northeastern Nile Delta

Stantis

Kharobi

Maaranen

et al. 2021

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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The origin of the Hyksos dynasty (c. 1638–1530 BCE) is thought to be rooted in the Near East given the architectural features and burial customs present at the site of Tell el-Dabca, identified as the capital of Hyksos rule in the Eastern Delta of Egypt. We expand previous 87Sr/86Sr research on the site’s cemetery assemblage using a multi-isotopic methodology: oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13Ccarb) stable isotopes from the carbonate portion of tooth enamel (n = 75), along with collagen (δ13Ccoll, δ15N) analysis of dentine and bone (n = 31). Pairing δ18O with previous 87Sr/86Sr data identifies 60% of the cohort as non-locals (45/75). Although there were a greater proportion of non-local females (24/30, 80%) compared to males (10/20, 50%), there were no significant differences between the sexes in δ13Ccarb or δ18Ocarb values. There were no spatial patterns regarding the three cemetery sites, nor any observable patterns regarding where non-locals were interred in the largest excavated cemetery, Area A/II. Both first-generation immigrants and individuals from the northeastern Nile Delta were buried following elite Asiatic burial customs, suggesting continuation of foreign burial culture. All collagen showed poor preservation; δ13Ccoll and δ15N analysis were not possible. δ13Ccarb showed no significant difference between locals and non-local diet, although non-locals at Tell el-Dabca did eat a broader variety of foods as a group, suggested by a wider δ13Ccarb range (− 13.5 to − 9.6‰ in non-locals compared to locals’ − 12.1 to − 10.3‰). If there is a difference in food culture between immigrants and native Egyptians, it was not observable using isotopic analyses.

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Farming and Trade in Amheida/Trimithis (Dakhla Oasis, Egypt): New Insights from Archaeobotanical Analysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 23 publications

Between domestication and civilization: the role of agriculture and arboriculture in the emergence of the first urban societies

Between domestication and civilization: the role of agriculture and arboriculture in the emergence of the first urban societies

Multi-isotopic study of diet and mobility in the northeastern Nile Delta

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