Fast Analytical Methodology Based on Mass Spectrometry for the Determination of Volatile Biomarkers in Saliva

Sánchez, Miguel del Nogal; García, Ernesto; Pavón, José Luis Pérez; Cordero, Bernardo Moreno

doi:10.1021/ac2026892

Cited by 39 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“… 34 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol was also found exclusively in lung cancer patients’ saliva samples but not in other cancer patients’ saliva. 35 It was postulated that alcohols are produced by the oxidation of alkanes by cytochrome p450 (CYP450), a group of enzymes that are over-activated in lung cancer tissue. 32 As alkanes result from lipid peroxidation resulting from oxidative stress, the increased level of these two alcohols could be the result of increased oxidative stress and upregulated CYP450.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Lung Cancer: Concomitant Volatile Organic Compounds and Metabolomic Profiling of Six Cancer Cell Lines of Different Histological Origins

et al. 2018

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In recent years, there has been an extensive search for a non-invasive screening technique for early detection of lung cancer. Volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis in exhaled breath is one such promising technique. This approach is based on the fact that tumor growth is accompanied by unique oncogenesis, leading to detectable changes in VOC emitting profile. Here, we conducted a comprehensive profiling of VOCs and metabolites from six different lung cancer cell lines and one normal lung cell line using mass spectrometry. The concomitant VOCs and metabolite profiling allowed significant discrimination between lung cancer and normal cell, nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), as well as between different subtypes of NSCLC. It was found that a combination of benzaldehyde, 2-ethylhexanol, and 2,4-decadien-1-ol could serve as potential volatile biomarkers for lung cancer. A detailed correlation between nonvolatile metabolites and VOCs can demonstrate possible biochemical pathways for VOC production by the cancer cells, thus enabling further optimization of VOCs as biomarkers. These findings could eventually lead to noninvasive early detection of lung cancer and differential diagnosis of lung cancer subtypes, thus revolutionizing lung cancer treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Lung Cancer: Concomitant Volatile Organic Compounds and Metabolomic Profiling of Six Cancer Cell Lines of Different Histological Origins

et al. 2018

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“…Indeed, salivary proteomics is an active research field where a variety of analytical techniques are being developed and applied to profile the proteomes of saliva samples. 5, 11-14 In contrast, there are only a few reports focusing on metabolome analyses of saliva using NMR 15-19 , gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) 3, 20, 21 , liquid chromatography MS (LC-MS) 3, 22-25 , and capillary electrophoresis MS (CE-MS). 26 The major challenge in saliva metabolome profiling lies in the relatively low abundance of metabolites present in saliva.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Isotope Labeling LC–MS for Human Salivary Metabolomics and Application to Profiling Metabolome Changes Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Dixon

2012

Anal. Chem.

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Saliva is a readily available biofluid that may contain metabolites of interest for diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. In this work, a differential 13C-/12C-isotope dansylation labeling method, combined with liquid chromatography Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (LC-FTICR-MS), is described for quantitative profiling of the human salivary metabolome. New strategies are presented to optimize the sample preparation and LC-MS detection processes. The strategies allow the use of as little of 5 μL of saliva sample as a starting material to determine the concentration changes of an average of 1058 ion pairs or putative metabolites in comparative saliva samples. The overall workflow consists of several steps including acetone-induced protein precipitation, 12C-dansylation labeling of the metabolites, and LC-UV measurement of the total concentration of the labeled metabolites in individual saliva samples. A pooled sample was prepared from all the individual samples and labeled with 13C-dansylation to serve as a reference. Using this metabolome profiling method, it was found that compatible metabolome results could be obtained after saliva samples were stored in tubes normally used for genetic material collection at room temperature, -20°C freezer, and -80°C freezer over a period of one month, suggesting that many saliva samples already collected in genomic studies could become a valuable resource for metabolomics studies, although the effect of much longer term of storage remains to be determined. Finally, the developed method was applied for analyzing the metabolome changes of two different groups: normal healthy older adults and comparable older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Top-ranked 18 metabolites successfully distinguished the two groups, among which seven metabolites were putatively identified while one metabolite, taurine, was definitively identified.

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“…Urinary mercapturic and mandelic acid metabolites will be included in future NHANES assessments (Alwis et al 2012). A few studies have measured styrene in human saliva and breast milk (Blount et al 2010; Sanchez et al 2012). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Exposure Biomarkers as Tools for Breast Cancer Epidemiology, Biomonitoring, and Prevention: A Systematic Approach Based on Animal Evidence

Rudel

Ackerman

Attfield

et al. 2014

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Exposure to chemicals that cause rodent mammary gland tumors is common, but few studies have evaluated potential breast cancer risks of these chemicals in humans.Objective: The goal of this review was to identify and bring together the needed tools to facilitate the measurement of biomarkers of exposure to potential breast carcinogens in breast cancer studies and biomonitoring.Methods: We conducted a structured literature search to identify measurement methods for exposure biomarkers for 102 chemicals that cause rodent mammary tumors. To evaluate concordance, we compared human and animal evidence for agents identified as plausibly linked to breast cancer in major reviews. To facilitate future application of exposure biomarkers, we compiled information about relevant cohort studies.Results: Exposure biomarkers have been developed for nearly three-quarters of these rodent mammary carcinogens. Analytical methods have been published for 73 of the chemicals. Some of the remaining chemicals could be measured using modified versions of existing methods for related chemicals. In humans, biomarkers of exposure have been measured for 62 chemicals, and for 45 in a nonoccupationally exposed population. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has measured 23 in the U.S. population. Seventy-five of the rodent mammary carcinogens fall into 17 groups, based on exposure potential, carcinogenicity, and structural similarity. Carcinogenicity in humans and rodents is generally consistent, although comparisons are limited because few agents have been studied in humans. We identified 44 cohort studies, with a total of > 3.5 million women enrolled, that have recorded breast cancer incidence and stored biological samples.Conclusions: Exposure measurement methods and cohort study resources are available to expand biomonitoring and epidemiology related to breast cancer etiology and prevention.Citation: Rudel RA, Ackerman JM, Attfield KR, Brody JG. 2014. New exposure biomarkers as tools for breast cancer epidemiology, biomonitoring, and prevention: a systematic approach based on animal evidence. Environ Health Perspect 122:881–895; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307455

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Fast Analytical Methodology Based on Mass Spectrometry for the Determination of Volatile Biomarkers in Saliva

Cited by 39 publications

References 42 publications

Detection of Lung Cancer: Concomitant Volatile Organic Compounds and Metabolomic Profiling of Six Cancer Cell Lines of Different Histological Origins

Detection of Lung Cancer: Concomitant Volatile Organic Compounds and Metabolomic Profiling of Six Cancer Cell Lines of Different Histological Origins

Development of Isotope Labeling LC–MS for Human Salivary Metabolomics and Application to Profiling Metabolome Changes Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment

New Exposure Biomarkers as Tools for Breast Cancer Epidemiology, Biomonitoring, and Prevention: A Systematic Approach Based on Animal Evidence

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