“…Since all of the terms in the right hand sides of the updating formulas (1) and (2) can be given as the ones at the (n+1)-th or the (n+1/2)-th time step, each variable is updated explicitly, in other words, by substituting only the values at the past time steps. For these years, a variety of studies related to LIM have been done and several kinds of skillful techniques, namely, multi-rate LIM [7], cloud and GPU-LIM [11] [12], block-LIM [13], ADE-LIM [14] and parallel-distributed block-LIM [15], have been proposed, which exploit the multi-rate behavior in the time domain, the cloud/GPU computing environment, the characteristics of strongly coupled multi-conductor transmission lines, alternating-direction explicit scheme and the parallelism of the block-LIM, respectively.…”