Fast-discharge-initiated KrF laser

Sutton, D.; Suchard, S. N.; Gibb, O. L.; Wang, C. P.

doi:10.1063/1.88841

Cited by 43 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Following the first technical realization in 1976 (2), discharge pumped excimer lasers subsequently found numerous industrial, medical and scientific applications, reaching maturity in recent years. The excimer laser based 193 nm (ArF) and 248 nm (KrF) photoresist illumination has been established in production lines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-repetition-rate compact excimer laser: UV light source for metrology, inspection, direct writing, and material testing

Huber¹,

Pflanz²,

Goertler³

et al. 2003

SPIE Proceedings

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The discharge pumped excimer laser is a gas laser providing ultra violet (UV) radiation with well defined spectral, temporal and spatial properties. The fast development of excimer lasers in recent years has succeeded in designing very compact, table-top and turn-key systems delivering up to 20 W of radiation at 248 nm, 10 W at 193 nm and 2 W at 157 nm with repetition rates up to 2000 Hz (1, 5). Due to their short emission wavelength and compactness they are continuously replacing other light sources, like lamps and ion lasers, in applications as metrology, inspection, direct writing and material testing. Spatial and temporal beam properties of compact excimer lasers are very suitable to be utilized as illumination source in these applications. The compact excimer laser is combining the advantages of both, lamp and laser sources. It displays low temporal and spatial coherence, but has a narrow spectral emission range of a few hundred pm. The beam area is approximately ½ cm 2 , the divergence is in the order of 1 mrad. Variation of beam position and beam direction are negligible for most illumination applications. Compact excimer lasers are easy to integrate in measurement and inspection systems. Typically their footprint area is 0.25 m 2 . The power consumption is less than 1 kW, enabling single phase electrical supply and air cooling. State-of-the-art compact excimer lasers are compliant to all relevant SEMI regulations. The laser optics exceeds the life time of the laser tube, thus no optics cleaning and exchange is necessary in a whole life time of a laser tube of a few billion pulses (6).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-repetition-rate compact excimer laser: UV light source for metrology, inspection, direct writing, and material testing

Huber¹,

Pflanz²,

Goertler³

et al. 2003

SPIE Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…So we will assume a mean rate of 2 x 10 cm /sec for reaction -32 3 (1-4) and 10 cm/sec for reaction (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). The argon metastables react with NFj to form ArF with a rate constant of 1.4 x 10" cm 3 / S ec.…”

Section: B Simplified Xef Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%