Fast Faraday cup for fast ion beam TOF measurements in deuterium filled plasma focus device and correlation with Lee model

Damideh, Vahid; Ali, Jalil; Saw, S. H.; Rawat, Rajdeep Singh; Lee, Paul; Chaudhary, Kashif; Haider, Zuhaib; Dabagh, Shadab; Ismail, Fadillah; Lee, S.

doi:10.1063/1.4985309

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Reasonable agreement was found for all the measured quantities. Vahid et al [104,305] carried out extensive and systematic measurements using Faraday Cups, PIN diode detectors, and photomultiplier-scintillator measurements to study ion beams from PFs operated in deuterium, neon, and argon correlate the results with the Lee code, thus providing conclusive experimental validation of the ion beam computations of the Lee code.…”

Section: Ion Beams and Fast Plasma Streamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the Scientific Status of the Plasma Focus

Auluck

Kubeš

Paduch

et al. 2021

Plasma

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This paper is a sequel to the 1998 review paper “Scientific status of the Dense Plasma Focus” with 16 authors belonging to 16 nations, whose initiative led to the establishment of the International Center for Dense Magnetized Plasmas (ICDMP) in the year 2000. Its focus is on understanding the principal defining characteristic features of the plasma focus in the light of the developments that have taken place in the last 20 years, in terms of new facilities, diagnostics, models, and insights. Although it is too soon to proclaim with certainty what the plasma focus phenomenon is, the results available to date conclusively indicate what it is demonstrably not. The review looks at the experimental data, cross-correlated across multiple diagnostics and multiple devices, to delineate the contours of an emerging narrative that is fascinatingly different from the standard narrative, which has guided the consensus in the plasma focus community for several decades, without invalidating it. It raises a question mark over the Fundamental Premise of Controlled Fusion Research, namely, that any fusion reaction having the character of a beam-target process must necessarily be more inefficient than a thermonuclear process with a confined thermal plasma at a suitably high temperature. Open questions that need attention of researchers are highlighted. A future course of action is suggested that individual plasma focus laboratories could adopt in order to positively influence the future growth of research in this field, to the general benefit of not only the controlled fusion research community but also the world at large.

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Section: Ion Beams and Fast Plasma Streamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the Scientific Status of the Plasma Focus

Auluck

Kubeš

Paduch

et al. 2021

Plasma

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“…This is due to difficulties in the design of diagnostic techniques and detectors having sufficient temporal and spatial resolution to record the transient nature and wide energy range of the emitted ion-beam. Existing diagnostics techniques that are often used to measure the ion-beam characteristics are the Thomson parabola Spectrometer [ 16 ], Magnetic spectrometer [ 17 ], nuclear activation method [ 18 ], Faraday cup [ 19 , 20 ], biased ion collectors [ 21 ], solid state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs) [ 22 ] and activation yield-ratio technique [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved characteristics of deuteron-beam generated by plasma focus discharge

2018

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The plasma focus device discussed herein is a Z-pinch pulsed-plasma arrangement. In this, the plasma is heated and compressed into a cylindrical column, producing a typical density of > 1025 particles/m3 and a temperature of (1–3) × 107 oC. The plasma focus has been widely investigated as a radiation source, including as ion-beams, electron-beams and as a source of x-ray and neutron production, providing considerable scope for use in a variety of technological situations. Thus said, the nature of the radiation emission depends on the dynamics of the plasma pinch. In this study of the characteristics of deuteron-beam emission, in terms of energy, fluence and angular distribution were analyzed. The 2.7 kJ plasma focus discharge has been made to operate at a pressure of less than 1 mbar rather than at its more conventional operating pressure of a few mbar. Faraday cup were used to determine deuteron-beam energy and deuteron-beam fluence per shot while CR-39 solid-state nuclear track detectors were employed in studying the angular distribution of deuteron emission. Beam energy and deuteron-beam fluence per shot have been found to be pressure dependent. The largest value of average deuteron energy measured for present conditions was found to be (52 ± 7) keV, while the deuteron-beam fluence per shot was of the order of 1015 ions/m2 when operated at a pressure of 0.2 mbar. The deuteron-beam emission is in the forward direction and is observed to be highly anisotropic.

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“…Dense Plasma Focus (DPF) devices are pulsed sources of neutrons [1][2][3][4][5], electron beams [6-8], soft x-ray radiation (SXR) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and ion beams [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Column of a pinched plasma in a PF device is believed to typically produce pulsed ions from several of 100 keV to several of MeV (considering ions emitted from the nuclear fusion reactions) [24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Space-and time-resolved investigation of high energy deuterons emitted from three DPF devices was conducted [33]. Ion beams have been investigated using Faraday Cup (FC) as a diagnostic tool for ion current density alongside ion time-of-ight (ToF) measurements [18][19][20][21][22]. The ion energies are predominantly in the tens to hundreds of keV range, the pulse durations are tens of ns, and the currents are typically tens of kA [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In several papers the ion beams for various gases were studied experimentally and numerically [39][40][41]. Extensive and systematic measurements were carried out using FC, PIN diode detectors, and photomultiplier-scintillator measurements to study ion beams from PFs operated with deuterium, neon, and argon, correlate the results with the Lee model code, thus providing conclusive experimental validation of the ion beam computations of the code [39,40]. In addition, the effect of the atomic number on the properties of the ion beams with three different gases (He, N 2 , Ar) has been studied experimentally and numerically using the Lee model code [41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Experiments on Ion-Beam Features Emitted from Different-Energy DPF Devices for Deuterium Gas

Altarabulsi

Abou-Ali

Salo³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In this study, numerical experiments on ion beam features emitted from nine Dense Plasma Focus devices were carried out using the Lee model code (version RADPFV5.16FIB). A simulation (numerical experiment) and connected fitting procedure of a total discharge current waveform was presented on the example of the PF-24 device, and summary data concerning simulations and fitting procedures for each device were presented. The full details of the ion beam properties as a function of pressure for the PF24 device were presented. The properties of deuterons such as flux, fluence, flux energy, fluence energy, current density, ion current, damage factor, and energy of deuterons versus pressure were computed and investigated. A comparison between the properties of deuterons computed at fitted pressure and at a pressure where the flux is the highest was presented and discussed according to equations on which the Lee model is based.

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Fast Faraday cup for fast ion beam TOF measurements in deuterium filled plasma focus device and correlation with Lee model

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Update on the Scientific Status of the Plasma Focus

Update on the Scientific Status of the Plasma Focus

Time-resolved characteristics of deuteron-beam generated by plasma focus discharge

Numerical Experiments on Ion-Beam Features Emitted from Different-Energy DPF Devices for Deuterium Gas

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