“…From a Lagrangian perspective, one can show that, under the assumption of scale-separation [4], the transport coefficients are related to statistical averages V(t) = d t x(t) , 2 D(t) = d t ( x 2 (t) − x(t) 2 ) over ensembles of trajectories {x(t)}. The latter are driven by the corresponding ensemble of stochastic velocity fields via ẋ(t) = v(x(t), t), known as a V-Langevin equation [12,13].…”