Fast Ice Prediction System (FIPS) for land-fast sea ice at Prydz Bay, East Antarctica: an operational service for CHINARE

Zhao, Jiechen; Cheng, Bin; Vihma, Timo; Heil, P̀etra; Hui, Fengming; Shu, Qi; Zhang, Lin; Yang, Qinghua

doi:10.1017/aog.2020.46

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This parameterization allows HIGHTSI to quantitatively simulate the sub-surface melting of snow and ice (Cheng et al 2003). HIGHTSI has been extensively validated and widely applied in both process studies (Cheng et al 2008, 2013, Wang et al 2015, Merkouriadi et al 2017, Mäkynen et al 2020 and operational service for the Prydz Bay region (Zhao et al 2020). Detailed model parameterizations are given in the supporting file (table S2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The internal melting of landfast sea ice in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica

Zhao

Cheng

Vihma

et al. 2022

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Summertime internal melting of Antarctic sea ice is common due to the penetration of solar radiation below the snow and ice surface. We focus on the role of internal melting and heat conduction in generating gap layers within the ice. These often occur approximately 0.1 m below the ice surface. In a small-scale survey over land-fast sea ice in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica, we observed, for the first time, gap layers 0.6 to 1.0 m below the surface for both first-year ice and multi-year ice. A 1-D snow/ice thermodynamic model successfully simulated snow and ice mass balance and the evolution of the gap layers. Their spatial distribution was largely controlled by snow thickness and ice thickness. A C-shaped ice temperature profile with the lowest values in the middle of the ice layer resulted in heat flux convergence causing downward progression of the internal melt layer. Multidecadal (1979-2019) seasonal simulations showed decreasing air temperature favored a postposed internal melting onset, reduced total internal melt, and delayed potential ice breakup, which indicated a higher change for local coastal ice to be shifted from first-year ice to multi-year ice.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The internal melting of landfast sea ice in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica

Zhao

Cheng

Vihma

et al. 2022

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…The formation of snow ice was simulated by Zhao et al (2020) for LFI around ZS in 2015. However, neither the ice temperature nor the HT ratio profile at ZS2015 in our study shows signs of snow ice formation, which is likely because drifting snow was 515 not considered in the sea ice model used by Zhao et al (2020) and the simulated snow depth was much larger than the observed value at ZS2015. Our buoy data did not indicate any signs of the formation of snow ice over the LFI around DS, consistent with the results presented by Heil (2006).…”

Section: Flooding and Snow Ice Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The local distribution of LFI, in some areas, can affect the formation and evolution of polynyas in its downwind region (Nihashi and Ohshima, 2015) and mechanically bond and establish vulnerable outer ice shelf margins (Massom et al, 2018). In addition, LFI plays a critical role in ice-associated ecosystems as a stable habitat for microorganisms (McMinn et al, 2000), a breeding 40 ground for seals and penguins (Massom et al, 2009), and a support ground for transportation logistics at many Antarctic stations (Kim et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2020). A better understanding of LFI can provide valuable insights into the climate responses of Antarctic coastal systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and interannual variations in the landfast ice mass balance between 2009 and 2018 in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica

Lei

Heil

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Landfast ice (LFI) plays an important role in the climate and ecosystem of the Antarctic coastal regions. We investigate the LFI snow and ice mass balance in Prydz Bay using data collected by 11 sea ice mass balance buoys (IMBs). The observations were distributed offshore from the Chinese Zhongshan Station (ZS) and Australian Davis Station (DS), and covered 2009–2010, 2013–2016 and 2018 ice seasons. The observed LFI annual maximum ice thickness and snow depth were 1.59±0.17 and 0.11–0.76 m off ZS and 1.64±0.08 and 0.11–0.38 m off DS, respectively. Early in the ice growth season, the LFI basal growth rate near DS (0.6±0.2 cm d−1) exceeds that around ZS (0.5±0.2 cm d−1). This is attributed to cooler air temperature and lower oceanic heat flux at that time in the DS region. Snow ice contributes up to 27 % of the LFI total ice thickness at the offshore site close to ground icebergs off ZS because of the substantial snow accumulation. Larger interannual and local spatial variabilities for the seasonality of LFI mass balance identified at ZS than at DS are due to local differences in topography and katabatic wind regime. Air temperature anomalies are more important in regulating the LFI growth rate in the early ice growth season because of thinner sea ice relative to later seasons due to the weak thermal inertia of thin ice. Offshore from ZS, the year-round supercooled water from the nearby Dålk Glacier reduces the oceanic heat flux, promoting the LFI growth at the associated sites throughout the entire ice growth season. During late austral spring and summer, we found the increased oceanic heat flux leading to a reduction of LFI growth at all investigated sites. At interannual timescale, we found that variability of LFI properties across the study domain prevailed, over any trend during the recent decades. We argue that an increased understanding of local atmospheric and oceanic conditions, as well as surface morphology and coastal bathymetry, are required to improve the Antarctic LFI modelling at local and regional scale.

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“…As a seasonal land extension, landfast ice can be a habitat for polar animals and serves as a platform for hunting, fishing, and scientific observation (Kooyman & Ponganis, 2014). The distribution of landfast ice is also important for polar navigation and offshore exploration (Hughes et al., 2011; Zhao et al., 2020). A model without landfast ice (parameterized or resolved) will also have difficulties in simulating the processes related to landfast ice, and for example, will have polynyas in the wrong place (Itkin et al., 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Parameterization of Coastal Drag to Simulate Landfast Ice in Deep Marginal Seas in the Arctic

et al. 2022

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Landfast ice is defined as "sea ice that stays fast along the coast where it is attached to the shore, to an ice wall, to an ice front, or over shoals, or between grounded icebergs." (World Meteorological Organization, 1970). Landfast ice is a common phenomenon in polar winter. It forms in the autumn as onshore winds thicken and consolidate the ice along the shore until it breaks up in spring. The extent of landfast ice in the Arctic varies with water depth and slope of the continental shelf (Kwok, 2018;Yu et al., 2014). Anchored pressure ridges ground coastal sea ice in shallow water all along the coast of Alaska and the Laptev Sea. Landfast ice can also be formed in deep marginal regions by lateral propagation of internal stresses from contact points with the coastline, as seen in the Kara Sea (Li et al., 2020). Furthermore, landfast ice can also be landlocked ice that is confined in the narrow channels of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (Howell et al., 2016;Melling, 2002). In Antarctica, where the bathymetric features are very different from the Arctic, landfast ice can be found in 400-500 m deep water, pinned by grounded icebergs (Fraser et al., 2012(Fraser et al., , 2020Massom et al., 2001).Landfast ice is an important player in Arctic and Antarctic coastal environments. It forms a stable cover that decreases the transfer of heat, moisture, and momentum between the atmosphere and the ocean (Johnson et al., 2012;Lemieux et al., 2016). As a consequence, ocean mixing is generally reduced underneath a landfast

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Fast Ice Prediction System (FIPS) for land-fast sea ice at Prydz Bay, East Antarctica: an operational service for CHINARE

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

The internal melting of landfast sea ice in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica

The internal melting of landfast sea ice in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica

Seasonal and interannual variations in the landfast ice mass balance between 2009 and 2018 in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica

A New Parameterization of Coastal Drag to Simulate Landfast Ice in Deep Marginal Seas in the Arctic

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