Fast Ion Isotropization by Current Sheet Scattering in Magnetic Reconnection Jets

Richard, Louis; Khotyaintsev, Yuri V.; Graham, Daniel B.; Vaivads, Andris; Gershman, Daniel J.; Russell, Christopher T.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.131.115201

Phys. Rev. Lett.

2023

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.115201

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Fast Ion Isotropization by Current Sheet Scattering in Magnetic Reconnection Jets

Louis Richard,

Yuri V. Khotyaintsev,

Daniel B. Graham

et al.

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Cited by 3 publications

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Particle Acceleration by Magnetic Reconnection in Geospace

Oka,

Birn,

Egedal

et al. 2023

Space Sci Rev

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Particles are accelerated to very high, non-thermal energies during explosive energy-release phenomena in space, solar, and astrophysical plasma environments. While it has been established that magnetic reconnection plays an important role in the dynamics of Earth’s magnetosphere, it remains unclear how magnetic reconnection can further explain particle acceleration to non-thermal energies. Here we review recent progress in our understanding of particle acceleration by magnetic reconnection in Earth’s magnetosphere. With improved resolutions, recent spacecraft missions have enabled detailed studies of particle acceleration at various structures such as the diffusion region, separatrix, jets, magnetic islands (flux ropes), and dipolarization front. With the guiding-center approximation of particle motion, many studies have discussed the relative importance of the parallel electric field as well as the Fermi and betatron effects. However, in order to fully understand the particle acceleration mechanism and further compare with particle acceleration in solar and astrophysical plasma environments, there is a need for further investigation of, for example, energy partition and the precise role of turbulence.

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Particle Acceleration by Magnetic Reconnection in Geospace

Oka,

Birn,

Egedal

et al. 2023

Space Sci Rev

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A Multi‐Scale Particle‐In‐Cell Simulation of Plasma Dynamics From Magnetotail Reconnection to the Inner Magnetosphere

Rusaitis,

El‐Alaoui,

Walker

et al. 2024

JGR Space Physics

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During magnetospheric substorms, plasma from magnetic reconnection in the magnetotail is thought to reach the inner magnetosphere and form a partial ring current. We simulate this process using a fully kinetic 3D particle‐in‐cell (PIC) numerical code along with a global magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) model. The PIC simulation extends from the solar wind outside the bow shock to beyond the reconnection region in the tail, while the MHD code extends much further and is run for nominal solar wind parameters and a southward interplanetary magnetic field. By the end of the PIC calculation, ions and electrons from the tail reconnection reach the inner magnetosphere and form a partial ring current and diamagnetic current. The primary source of particles to the inner magnetosphere is bursty bulk flows (BBFs) that originate from a complex pattern of reconnection in the near‐Earth magnetotail at to . Most ion acceleration occurs in this region, gaining from 10 to 50 keV as they traverse the sites of active reconnection. Electrons jet away from the reconnection region much faster than the ions, setting up an ambipolar electric field allowing the ions to catch up after approximately 10 ion inertial lengths. The initial energy flux in the BBFs is mainly kinetic energy flux from the ions, but as they move earthward, the energy flux changes to enthalpy flux at the ring current. The power delivered from the tail reconnection in the simulation to the inner magnetosphere is W, which is consistent with observations.

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Turbulence in Magnetic Reconnection Jets from Injection to Sub-Ion Scales

Richard,

Sorriso-Valvo,

Yordanova

et al. 2024

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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We investigate turbulence in magnetic reconnection jets in the Earth’s magnetotail using data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft. We show that signatures of a limited inertial range are observed in many reconnection jets. The observed turbulence develops on the timescale of a few ion gyroperiods, resulting in intermittent multifractal energy cascade from the characteristic scale of the jet down to the ion scales. We show that at sub-ion scales, the fluctuations are close to monofractal and predominantly kinetic Alfvén waves. The observed energy transfer rate across the inertial range is ∼108 J kg−1 s−1, which is the largest reported for space plasmas so far. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

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Fast Ion Isotropization by Current Sheet Scattering in Magnetic Reconnection Jets

Cited by 3 publications

References 59 publications

Particle Acceleration by Magnetic Reconnection in Geospace

Particle Acceleration by Magnetic Reconnection in Geospace

A Multi‐Scale Particle‐In‐Cell Simulation of Plasma Dynamics From Magnetotail Reconnection to the Inner Magnetosphere

Turbulence in Magnetic Reconnection Jets from Injection to Sub-Ion Scales

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