Fast multiecho balanced SSFP metabolite mapping of 1H and hyperpolarized 13C compounds

Leupold, Jochen; Månsson, Sven; Petersson, Johan; Hennig, Jürgen; Wieben, Oliver

doi:10.1007/s10334-009-0169-z

Cited by 91 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The total imaging time is restricted to within two to three times the T 1 of the metabolite, which is usually less than 2 min in most cases. Despite these limitations, a number of spectroscopic imaging methods have been developed to capture images of hyperpolarized metabolites (78)(79)(80)(81). Importantly, a large part of the pulse sequence development has been performed at 3 T on clinical systems, which is likely to speed up their availability in the clinic.…”

Section: Imaging Hyperpolarized Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor imaging using hyperpolarized ¹³C magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Brindle¹,

Bohndiek²,

Gallagher³

et al. 2011

Magnetic Resonance in Med

236

355

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Dynamic nuclear polarization is an emerging technique for increasing the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy, particularly for low-g nuclei. The technique has been applied recently to a number of 13 C-labeled cell metabolites in biological systems: the increase in signal-to-noise allows the spatial distribution of an injected molecule to be imaged as well as its metabolic product or products. This review highlights the most significant molecules investigated to date in preclinical cancer models, either in terms of their demonstrated metabolism in vivo or the biological processes that they can probe. Key words: hyperpolarized carbon-13; dynamic nuclear polarization; imaging; metabolism; tumor; pyruvateThe application of magnetic resonance in medicine has been dominated by imaging of tissue anatomy. However, one of the great strengths of magnetic resonance (MR) is spectroscopy, which allows imaging of tissue biochemistry; this was recognized in the earliest applications of MR to intact biological systems (1). Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a routine clinical tool, the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in patients has lagged far behind; this has been primarily due to a lack of sensitivity, which leads to long measurement times and poor image resolution (2-5). In spite of this, 1 H-MRS measurements of cellular metabolites in a variety of tumor types have been shown to provide a sensitive means to diagnose disease and detect response to treatment (2-4). However, these measurements generally give a static picture of cellular metabolism.In contrast, 13 C-MRS measurements of cellular metabolism in systems incubated with 13 C-labeled cell substrates give a dynamic, and therefore potentially more useful, measurement of tissue metabolism (6-8). For example, dynamic measurements of 13 C-labeled glucose incorporation into muscle glycogen have been used to dissect the relative importance of glucose transport and hexokinase and glycogen synthase activity in controlling muscle glycogen synthesis (9). However, the problem of low sensitivity is even more acute in the case of 13 C-MRS. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP or hyperpolarization) of 13 C-labeled cell substrates enhances their sensitivity to detection by >10 4 -fold (10,11). Subsequent spectroscopic imaging of their metabolism following intravenous injection offers a solution to the problem of low sensitivity and has the potential to make dynamic metabolic imaging using MRS a routine clinical application.There have been a number of recent review articles and book chapters on this subject (12-17), and therefore, the purpose of this brief review is to: highlight those DNP substrates that have shown the greatest promise for oncological applications in vivo; summarize the biochemical mechanisms responsible for label transfer from pyruvate to other metabolites in tumors; and finally provide an overview of the main challenges in label detection and imaging and how these may be addressed. PROMISING SUBSTRATES FOR HYPERPOLA...

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Section: Imaging Hyperpolarized Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor imaging using hyperpolarized ¹³C magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Brindle¹,

Bohndiek²,

Gallagher³

et al. 2011

Magnetic Resonance in Med

236

355

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several schemes have been proposed to perform multiecho acquisitions or to use spatially and spectrally selective radiofrequency excitations in order to increase the time domain over which the hyperpolarized nuclear spins can be measured by limiting the amount of enhanced longitudinal magnetization that is required for each acquisition. [25][26][27][28] Three main parameters influence the relaxation times: the chemical environment of the nuclear spins, the applied magnetic field and the temperature. The chemical environment can be partially controlled by choosing an appropriate solvent (deuteration helps reduce the nuclear dipolar relaxation) and by reducing the concentration of paramagnetic centers dissolved in the hyperpolarized solutions.…”

Section: Liquid-state Relaxationmentioning

confidence: 99%

CHAPTER 9. Hyperpolarization: Concepts, Techniques and Applications

Comment¹

2013

New Developments in NMR

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“…Acquiring multiple echoes within each TR with bSSFP allows for a model-based separation (see section titled 'Model-based Approaches') of metabolites in HP studies. 44 This requires a very careful and limited choice of TR and TE values to avoid banding while enabling separation of the metabolites. Using low-flip angles with bSSFP results in a frequency profile with a narrow excitation band every 1/TR, and this profile has been used for metabolite-specific imaging at 14.1 T. 45 Such an approach requires careful choice of TR, is limited in flip angle, and is sensitive to off-resonance effects.…”

Section: Ssfp-based Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse Sequences for Hyperpolarized MRS

Gordon

Larson

2016

eMagRes

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Hyperpolarization offers substantial gains in sensitivity for magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy (MRS) and imaging (MRI), which are particularly beneficial for providing novel functional information not accessible to conventional MRS and MRI. However, hyperpolarized MR requires tailored pulse sequences because of its unique magnetization behavior, including its decay back to thermal equilibrium, spin exchange, and metabolic conversion of the hyperpolarized magnetization. In addition, rapid delivery of the hyperpolarized media from the polarizer to the subject is key to success. This article begins by describing the unique behavior of hyperpolarized agents and the problems associated with their delivery, focusing on 13 C-labeled pyruvate. Efficient RF and acquisition strategies that include variable flip angles, spectral-spatial RF pulses that address problems with chemical shift displacement artifacts, hyperpolarized slice profile distortions, and the effects of magnetic field inhomogeneity are presented. Acquisition strategies covered include MR spectroscopic imaging with phase encoding and time-dependent readout gradient trajectories, model-based methods, metabolite-specific imaging, steady-state free-precession, and ultrafast two-dimensional NMR. The integration of compressed sensing and parallel imaging into hyperpolarized MR for acceleration is also examined.

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Fast multiecho balanced SSFP metabolite mapping of 1H and hyperpolarized 13C compounds

Abstract: Fast metabolite mapping based on multiecho balanced SSFP in combination with an iterative reconstruction approach could successfully separate several (1)H resonances and hyperpolarized (13)C metabolites.

Cited by 91 publications

References 24 publications

Tumor imaging using hyperpolarized ¹³C magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Tumor imaging using hyperpolarized ¹³C magnetic resonance spectroscopy

CHAPTER 9. Hyperpolarization: Concepts, Techniques and Applications

Pulse Sequences for Hyperpolarized MRS

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Fast multiecho balanced SSFP metabolite mapping of 1H and hyperpolarized 13C compounds

Abstract: Fast metabolite mapping based on multiecho balanced SSFP in combination with an iterative reconstruction approach could successfully separate several (1)H resonances and hyperpolarized (13)C metabolites.

Cited by 91 publications

References 24 publications

Tumor imaging using hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Tumor imaging using hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy

CHAPTER 9. Hyperpolarization: Concepts, Techniques and Applications

Pulse Sequences for Hyperpolarized MRS

Contact Info

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Tumor imaging using hyperpolarized ¹³C magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Tumor imaging using hyperpolarized ¹³C magnetic resonance spectroscopy