Fast neutron irradiation-induced hardening in Inconel 625 and Inconel 718 fabricated via laser powder bed fusion

Andurkar, M.; O’Donnell, V.; Keya, T.; Prorok, B. C.; Gahl, J.; Thompson, S. M.

doi:10.1007/s40964-024-00730-w

Prog Addit Manuf

2024

DOI: 10.1007/s40964-024-00730-w

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Fast neutron irradiation-induced hardening in Inconel 625 and Inconel 718 fabricated via laser powder bed fusion

M. Andurkar,

V. O’Donnell,

T. Keya

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

References 33 publications

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Evolution of Precipitates and Microhardness of L-PBF Inconel 625 Through Relevant Thermal Treatment

Keya,

Fischer,

Andurkar

et al. 2024

Alloys

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Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is a metal additive manufacturing (AM) technique that produces a unique microstructure significantly different from wrought microstructure. Inconel 625 (IN625) is an alloy widely used to manufacture complex parts, but it comes with its own unique challenges. The alloy is prone to precipitation under elevated temperatures, which makes designing suitable heat treatment to tailor the desired microstructure and mechanical properties critical. Traditional heat treatment for wrought IN625 cannot be applied to L-PBF IN625; therefore, it is vital to understand the evolution of precipitates on the way to complete recrystallization. This study focuses on these precipitates in IN625 produced by the L-PBF technique. Heat treatments at 700 °C, 900 °C, and 1050 °C were performed separately to encourage the precipitation of strengthening γ″, the detrimental δ phase, and the dissolution of precipitates, respectively. γ″ precipitates were found in the as-printed condition and at 700 °C. δ precipitates were detected at 700 and 900 °C. Carbides and Al-rich oxides were observed in all conditions of L-PBF IN625. Texture analysis showed grain growth along the build direction with strong (100) texture at temperatures up to 900 °C. Weak and random texture with equiaxed grains was observed at 1050 °C, which is similar to wrought IN625.

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Evolution of Precipitates and Microhardness of L-PBF Inconel 625 Through Relevant Thermal Treatment

Keya,

Fischer,

Andurkar

et al. 2024

Alloys

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Multiple Preheating Processes for Suppressing Liquefaction Cracks in IN738LC Superalloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion (EB-PBF)

Li,

Long,

Wei

et al. 2024

Materials

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In additive manufacturing, controlling hot cracking in non-weldable nickel-based superalloys poses a significant challenge for forming complex components. This study introduces a multiple preheating process for the forming surface in electron beam powder bed fusion (EB-PBF), employing a dual-band infrared surface temperature measurement technique instead of the conventional base plate thermocouple method. This new approach reduces the temperature drop during forming, decreasing surface cooling by 28.6% compared to traditional methods. Additionally, the precipitation of carbides and borides is reduced by 38.5% and 80.1%, respectively, lowering the sensitivity to liquefaction cracking. This technique enables crack-free forming at a lower powder bed preheating temperature (1000 °C), thereby improving the powder recycling rate by minimizing powder sintering. Microstructural analysis confirms that this method reduces low-melting eutectic formation and alleviates liquefaction cracking at high-angle grain boundaries caused by thermal cycling. Consequently, crack-free IN738 specimens with high-temperature durability were successfully achieved, providing a promising approach for the EB-PBF fabrication of crack-resistant IN738 components.

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Fast neutron irradiation-induced hardening in Inconel 625 and Inconel 718 fabricated via laser powder bed fusion

Cited by 2 publications

References 33 publications

Evolution of Precipitates and Microhardness of L-PBF Inconel 625 Through Relevant Thermal Treatment

Evolution of Precipitates and Microhardness of L-PBF Inconel 625 Through Relevant Thermal Treatment

Multiple Preheating Processes for Suppressing Liquefaction Cracks in IN738LC Superalloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion (EB-PBF)

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