Fast UV-vis-NIR photoresponse of self-oriented F16CuPc nanoribbons

Zhang, Lingyu; Wang, Xingyu; Zhou, Wei; Wang, Hao; Song, Jimei; Zhao, Zihao; Liao, Jihui; Song, Jian; Li, Yajun; Xu, Jinyou

doi:10.1007/s12274-023-5493-5

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…[59] Consequently, the adsorbed molecules tend to diffuse into these nanogrooves immediately after arriving at the sapphire surface, resulting in preferential nucleation in the valleys of the nanogrooves. [60,61] Once these nucleation centers are formed, they further promote the diffusion of the later-arriving molecules into the valleys, eventually most of the adsorbed molecules are accumulated in these nanogrooves to support the growth of nanowires.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aligned Phthalocyanine Molecular Nanowires by Graphoepitaxial Self‐Assembly and Their In Situ Integration into Photodetector Arrays

Liao

Wang

Danieli

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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Large-scale on-chip integration of organic nanowire-based devices requires the deterministic assembly of organic small molecules into highly-aligned nanowires. In this work, phthalocyanine molecules are self-assembled into horizontally-aligned nanowires after generating parallel hydrophobic nanogrooves on a sapphire surface. In contrast to previous self-oriented inorganic nanowires, these molecular nanowires are separated from their supporting sapphire by an ultrathin amorphous layer, indicating a complete elimination of lattice matching between nanowires and substrates. Therefore, small molecules beyond phthalocyanines hold promise to form aligned nanowires using this graphoepitaxial self-assembly strategy. The excellent alignment and high crystallinity of these nanowires enable the desired in-situ integration of nanowire-based devices without additional postgrowth processing steps. As a proof of concept, self-oriented CuPc nanowires are integrated into photodetector arrays directly on their growth substrate after electrode arrays are transferred onto the nanowires. Compared to previous CuPc photodetectors constructed using other approaches, these detectors exhibit a faster response to the spectrum in the 488-780 nm range (rise and fall times are 0.05-0.43 s and 0.38-2.34 s, respectively) while offering comparable detectivities (2.49 × 10 10 Jones on average). This graphoepitaxial self-assembly offers new opportunities for the aligned growth of organic crystalline nanowires and their large-scale in-situ integration into functional devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aligned Phthalocyanine Molecular Nanowires by Graphoepitaxial Self‐Assembly and Their In Situ Integration into Photodetector Arrays

Liao

Wang

Danieli

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…After the annealed sapphire was cut into 1 × 1 cm 2 pieces, hydrophobic treatment was performed. [46,47] The growth of self-oriented CuPc nanowires was carried out in a dual-temperature tube furnace (TF1200-60, Micro-x, China). CuPc powder (10 mg) was evaporated at 450 °C and then deposited on the sapphire surface at 240 °C and a N 2 flow (50 sccm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We first prepared high-density oriented CuPc nanowires with lengths of 50-150 μm on an annealed M-plane sapphire surface (Figure 1a) by evaporating commercially available CuPc powder at 240 °C. [46][47][48] These nanowires are then stored at ambient conditions without special protection (e.g., vacuum or inert gas). Even with high-velocity gas flow, it is impossible to remove these self-oriented nanowires from their growth substrate, indicating that these self-oriented nanowires have a much stronger interaction with their underlying substrate than the commonly reported freestanding nanowires.…”

Section: Optical Pufsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High magnification SEM observation (Figure 1c; Figure S1, Supporting Information) reveals that these nanowires grow in parallel along the direction defined by the nanogrooves, instead of the symmetric crystallographic orientations of the underlying sapphire. [46,[48][49][50] The X-ray diffraction (XRD, Figure S2, Supporting Information) and Raman spectra (Figure S3, Supporting Information) of these nanowires match that of the CuPc powder, hence, no chemical reaction occurs during the vapor deposition process. Figure 1d shows a representative device with 16 × 16 arrays of gold electrodes.…”

Section: Optical Pufsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physically Unclonable Functions Based on Self‐Oriented Nanowires

Zhao,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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As scaling down to the nanoscale, the dramatically increased morphological deviation between nanostructures becomes a major challenge in implementing large‐scale nanodevices. On the other side of the coin, the often‐undesirable rich non‐repeatable randomness introduced during nanostructure growth and subsequent device fabrication is of great value in the implementation of physically unclonable functions (PUF), a booming innovative security primitive. Herein, it is shown that the self‐oriented organic nanowires grown on a faceted surface through a vapor transport process are advanced building blocks for the implementation of two novel PUFs. An optical PUF is first demonstrated by exploiting the unclonable morphological randomness of the self‐oriented nanowires (e.g., length, thickness, density, and location), which can provide an entity‐specific primary encryption for nanowire devices. Next, these nanowires are integrated into photodetector arrays directly on their growth substrate and accordingly enable an electrical PUF based on the inherent resistance variation between detector cells. Furthermore, by combining these two PUFs, a secondary encryption with higher security is proposed for information communication. The implementation of nanowire‐based PUFs not only opens a new device direction to exploit the annoying unclonable randomness of bottom‐up nanowires, but also provides innovative label‐free security primitives for emerging nanowire‐based devices and systems.

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“…[22,23] Recently, the generality of graphoepitaxial growth in guiding self-assembled nonluminous metal phthalocyanine molecules into forming oriented organic nanowires has been demonstrated on amorphous surfaces, such as flexible plastic films [24] and rigid substrates. [25] Compared to the noteworthy advances achieved in controlling nanowire orientation, less efforts have been invested on controlling nanowire position. In general, most self-aligned inorganic nanowires are formed via a metal-catalyzed vapor-liquidsolid mechanism in which metal catalysts are used to control the initial nucleation and subsequent growth position of the nanowires.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective‐Area Growth of Aligned Organic Semiconductor Nanowires and Their Device Integration

Wang,

Luo,

Liao

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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The simultaneous control of the orientation and position of organic semiconductor nanowires remains a major challenge when integrating them into monolithic devices. In this study, tris(8‐hydroxyquinoline)aluminum(III) (Alq3) molecules are self‐assembled into single‐crystalline nanowires with consistent orientation and predictable positions by selective‐area graphoepitaxial growth. The nanowire orientation is determined by parallel nanogrooves on a periodically modified faceted sapphire surface, and the position is simultaneously defined using a shadow mask. Computational fluid dynamics simulations showed that the mass flow field over the sapphire surface is tailored by the mask, resulting in preferential nanowire nucleation around the hole centers and leaving sufficient free space for the subsequent growth. Accordingly, the number, length, and density of the nanowires can be controlled by adjusting the mask layout. The good alignment and predictable positions of these nanowires facilitated their subsequent device integration, eliminating laborious assembly steps and potential damage after nanowire growth. Measurements from an in situ integrated two‐terminal device based on the Alq3 nanowires revealed that the nanowires exhibit a remarkable negative differential resistance and fast photoresponse in the UV region. Overall, selective‐area graphoepitaxial growth provides a versatile protocol for fabricating site‐ and orientation‐controlled organic semiconductor nanowires for the monolithic fabrication of nanowire‐based devices.

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Fast UV-vis-NIR photoresponse of self-oriented F16CuPc nanoribbons

Cited by 11 publications

References 45 publications

Aligned Phthalocyanine Molecular Nanowires by Graphoepitaxial Self‐Assembly and Their In Situ Integration into Photodetector Arrays

Aligned Phthalocyanine Molecular Nanowires by Graphoepitaxial Self‐Assembly and Their In Situ Integration into Photodetector Arrays

Physically Unclonable Functions Based on Self‐Oriented Nanowires

Selective‐Area Growth of Aligned Organic Semiconductor Nanowires and Their Device Integration

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