Faster Building for Industry: NEDO (1983)

Digital tools for brownfield redevelopment: Stakeholder perspectives and opportunities

“…contractors, consultants, local government) to dependably estimate costs throughout site redevelopment programmes. A shared concern was that "abnormal and unexpected ground conditions can often lead to cost increases and delayed completion dates" -Remediation Contractor, something also reported in the literature (Ameller et al, 2020;Connaughton and Mbugua, 2008;Male, 2008). However, the consultants and remediation contractor pointed out that sometimes, ground conditions are better than initially thought, and projects can finish earlier than planned, resulting in lowered costs.…”