Fasting-dependent Vascular Permeability Enhancement in Brown Adipose Tissues Evidenced by Using Carbon Nanotubes as Fluorescent Probes

Yudasaka, Masako; Yomogida, Yohei; Zhang, Minfang; Nakahara, Masako; Kobayashi, Norihiko; Tanaka, Takeshi; Okamatsu‐Ogura, Yuko; Saeki, Kumiko; Kataura, Hiromichi

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32758-8

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In addition to the dense innervation of BAT, every brown adipocyte is also in contact with blood vessels, only separated by a basement membrane [ 43 ]. Fasting alters the endothelial basement membrane structure in BAT, resulting in increased transport into the intercellular space [ 51 ] as well as increased glucose uptake into BAT of humans [ 52 ]. This suggests that changes in the endothelial basement membrane in BAT can increase substrate delivery to brown adipocytes and thereby its activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active integrins regulate white adipose tissue insulin sensitivity and brown fat thermogenesis

Ruiz‐Ojeda

Wang

Bäcker

et al. 2021

Molecular Metabolism

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active integrins regulate white adipose tissue insulin sensitivity and brown fat thermogenesis

Ruiz‐Ojeda

Wang

Bäcker

et al. 2021

Molecular Metabolism

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“…In addition to the dense innervation of BAT, every brown adipocyte is also in contact with blood vessels, only separated by a basement membrane (Peirce V., 2016). Fasting alters the endothelial basement membrane (BM) structure in BAT, resulting in increased transport into the intercellular space (Yudasaka, Yomogida et al, 2018) as well as increased glucose uptake into BAT of humans (Vrieze A, 2012). This suggests that changes in the endothelial BM in BAT can increase substrate delivery to brown adipocytes and thereby its activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active integrins regulate white adipose tissue insulin sensitivity and brown fat thermogenesis

Ruiz‐Ojeda

Wang

Baecker

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractReorganization of the extracellular matrix is a prerequisite for healthy adipose tissue expansion, whereas fibrosis is a key feature of adipose dysfunction and inflammation. However, very little is known about the direct effects of impaired cell-matrix interaction in adipocyte function and insulin sensitivity. Using adipose selective deletion of β1 integrin (Itgb1adipo-cre) and Kindlin-2 (Kind2adipo-cre), we demonstrate here that active β1 and β3 integrins directly interact with the insulin receptor to regulate white adipocyte insulin action and systemic metabolism. Consequently, loss of adipose integrin activity, similar to loss of adipose insulin receptors, results in lipodystrophy and systemic insulin resistance. Conversely, we find that brown adipose tissue of Kind2adipo-cre and Itgb1adipo-cre mice is chronically hyperactivated, and has increased substrate delivery, reduced endothelial basement membrane thickness, and increased endothelial vesicular transport. Thus, we establish integrin-extracellular matrix interactions as key regulators of white and brown adipose tissue function and whole body metabolism.

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“…We also reported that CNTs coated with phospholipid polyethylene glycol (PLPEG-CNTs) provide images of BATs by a different mechanism. We showed that PLPEG-CNTs specifically extravasated from BAT capillaries and the extent of extravasation was augmented by fasting [ 65 ], suggesting that CNTs will provide an excellent tool for imaging BATs in accordance with their activities. Regarding CNTs, however, there are concerns in terms of safety for clinical usage.…”

Section: Discussion and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

The Remaining Mysteries about Brown Adipose Tissues

Nishio

Saeki

2020

Cells

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Brown adipose tissue (BAT), which is a thermogenic fat tissue originally discovered in small hibernating mammals, is believed to exert anti-obesity effects in humans. Although evidence has been accumulating to show the importance of BAT in metabolism regulation, there are a number of unanswered questions. In this review, we show the remaining mysteries about BATs. The distribution of BAT can be visualized by nuclear medicine examinations; however, the precise localization of human BAT is not yet completely understood. For example, studies of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT scans have shown that interscapular BAT (iBAT), the largest BAT in mice, exists only in the neonatal period or in early infancy in humans. However, an old anatomical study illustrated the presence of iBAT in adult humans, suggesting that there is a discrepancy between anatomical findings and imaging data. It is also known that BAT secretes various metabolism-improving factors, which are collectively called as BATokines. With small exceptions, however, their main producers are not BAT per se, raising the possibility that there are still more BATokines to be discovered. Although BAT is conceived as a favorable tissue from the standpoint of obesity prevention, it is also involved in the development of unhealthy conditions such as cancer cachexia. In addition, a correlation between browning of mammary gland and progression of breast cancers was shown in a xenotransplantation model. Therefore, the optimal condition should be carefully determined when BAT is considered as a measure the prevention of obesity and improvement of metabolism. Solving BAT mysteries will open a new door for health promotion via advanced understanding of metabolism regulation system.

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Fasting-dependent Vascular Permeability Enhancement in Brown Adipose Tissues Evidenced by Using Carbon Nanotubes as Fluorescent Probes

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Active integrins regulate white adipose tissue insulin sensitivity and brown fat thermogenesis

Active integrins regulate white adipose tissue insulin sensitivity and brown fat thermogenesis

Active integrins regulate white adipose tissue insulin sensitivity and brown fat thermogenesis

The Remaining Mysteries about Brown Adipose Tissues

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