Fasting during ramadan: A religious factor as a possible trigger or exacerbator for eating disorders in adolescents

Akgül, Sinem; Derman, Orhan; Kanbur, Nuray

doi:10.1002/eat.22255

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Schizophrenia patients are particularly prone to suffer from disordered eating behaviors as we reported earlier (Fawzi and Fawzi, 2012). There are also reports suggesting that fasting during Ramadan could be a trigger or exacerbator for eating disorders (Akgül et al, 2014). Expectedly, moreover, schizophrenia patients would be at greater metabolic risk with the use of certain types of antipsychotics (Lee et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Effect of Ramadan fasting on anthropometric, metabolic, inflammatory and psychopathology status of Egyptian male patients with schizophrenia

Fawzi

Said

et al. 2015

Psychiatry Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Effect of Ramadan fasting on anthropometric, metabolic, inflammatory and psychopathology status of Egyptian male patients with schizophrenia

Fawzi

Said

et al. 2015

Psychiatry Research

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“…Adolescents have been reported to indulge in dietary behaviours that do not meet daily dietary recommendations [ 13 ] and a possible trigger of eating disorders [ 14 ] during Ramadan. This is a concern, as adolescence is a time of growth and development [ 15 ] and nutrient needs are higher than other periods of the life cycle [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ramadan fasting alters food patterns, dietary diversity and body weight among Ghanaian adolescents

Ali

Abizari

2018

Nutr J

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BackgroundRamadan is a monthlong fast for healthy adolescents and adult Muslims. The quality of foods eaten and eating patterns in Ramadan may be different from other months of the year. Food intake of adolescents is a concern as energy and nutrient requirements are higher and needed to support the growth spurt of this stage. The objective of the present study was to describe the food patterns, dietary diversity and body weight changes among adolescents during Ramadan.MethodsA prospective cohort study design with four measurement points (baseline, midline, endline and post endline) was conducted among 366 adolescents in Junior High Schools. Food pattern was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire, a 24-h dietary recall was used to assess dietary diversity and body weight was measured using an electronic scale. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare changes in dietary diversity scores (DDS) and weight of pupils.ResultsHalf of the pupils (50.3%) were female and average age was 15.9 ± 1.8 years. Pupils fasted for an average of 28.3 ± 4.0 days and 14.3 ± 0.5 h a day (dawn to dusk) during Ramadan. The number and types of dishes taken at meal times differed substantially between Ramadan periods and outside Ramadan. Consumption of vitamin A-rich fruits, other fruits, and milk and milk products increased markedly during Ramadan. However, fasting came with a reduction in consumption of foods from roots and tubers, legumes and nuts, and dark green leafy vegetables while other food groups remained unchanged. Mean DDS increased significantly during Ramadan (F (2.933, 1070.573) = 7.152, p < 0.001) while mean daily meal frequency decreased (F (2.936, 1071.623) = 51.653, p < 0.001). There was significant body weight loss (-1.5 kg (95% CI: -1.1 kg to -1.6 kg)) among adolescents (F (2.656, 958.95) = 304.90, p < 0.001). Weight loss was short-lived; regained one month after Ramadan.ConclusionIn this prospective cohort study among schooling Ghanaian adolescents who fast during Ramadan, fasting was characterised by marked changes in usual food patterns, increased dietary diversity and significant body weight loss.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12937-018-0386-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The publications on eating and eating disorders are positive in the way that eating disorders only seem to be triggered in a small subgroup of subjects with enhanced vulnerability to eating disorders: Akgul et al (2014) observed an increase in hospital admissions during and shortly after Ramadan in a case series that may be caused by fasting induced triggering of eating problems in vulnerable adolescents. But Ramadan fasting did not affect attitudes towards eating in young volunteers (Erol et al 2012) and obese women (Savas et al 2014).…”

Section: Effects On Normal Eating and Eating Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review on the effect of Ramadan on mental health: minor effects and no harm in general, but increased risk of relapse in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Heun

2018

Global Psychiatry

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ObjectivesGlobally, Moslems are the second largest religious group. During the month of Ramadan from dawn to sundown, healthy Moslems are required to refrain from eating, drinking, smoking, sexual activity and harmful behaviour towards others and themselves. Thus Ramadan may change individual physical states and social interactions. Both might affect mental health within society. Consequently, this systematic review looks at the various effects of Ramadan on mental health.MethodsA literature search on Ramadan and mental health initially identified 294 papers. We finally selected all 22 relevant papers covering Ramadan and mental health from which study data were extracted.ResultsRelevant papers focussed on the general population and healthy volunteers, on subjects practising sports, on subjects with severe physical disorders, on subjects at risk of eating disorders and on subjects with mental health disorders. The effects of Ramadan on mental well-being were mixed. Positive and negative effects were usually minor, except in subjects with schizophrenia and metabolic syndrome, and in subjects with bipolar disorder who suffered a substantial increase of relapses.ConclusionRamadan fasting is safe in most conditions and disorders, but caution is required in subjects with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The research on mental health and Ramadan would profit from larger studies with more representative samples to help understand the intra-individual and social factors that affect the mental health and well-being in patients and in society. The scientific potential of such studies may have been overlooked in the psychiatric community.

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Fasting during ramadan: A religious factor as a possible trigger or exacerbator for eating disorders in adolescents

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of Ramadan fasting on anthropometric, metabolic, inflammatory and psychopathology status of Egyptian male patients with schizophrenia

Effect of Ramadan fasting on anthropometric, metabolic, inflammatory and psychopathology status of Egyptian male patients with schizophrenia

Ramadan fasting alters food patterns, dietary diversity and body weight among Ghanaian adolescents

A systematic review on the effect of Ramadan on mental health: minor effects and no harm in general, but increased risk of relapse in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

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