Fasting-Mimicking Diet Modulates Microbiota and Promotes Intestinal Regeneration to Reduce Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathology

Rangan, Priya; Choi, In-Mook; Wei, Min; Navarrete, Gerardo; Guen, Esra; Brandhorst, Sebastian; Enyati, Nobel; Pasia, Gab; Maesincee, Daral; Ocon, Vanessa; Abdulridha, Maya; Longo, Valter D.

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.019

Cited by 217 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…ISCs may also mediate the beneficial effects of dietary perturbations on inflammatory bowel diseases. Recent work in a mouse model for colitis reports that a short fasting period followed by normal diet modulates the microbiota and has beneficial effects on inflammation, stem cell proliferation, and tissue maintenance in the small intestine (167). Accordingly, ISCs are responsive to changes in diet, including to dietary restriction, which has a beneficial effect on ISC activity in both young and old mice (168)(169)(170).…”

Section: Intestinal Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Stem Cell Aging: Origins and Interventions

Jasper¹

2020

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

126

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Regenerative processes that maintain the function of the gastrointestinal (GI) epithelium are critical for health and survival of multicellular organisms. In insects and vertebrates, intestinal stem cells (ISCs) regenerate the GI epithelium. ISC function is regulated by intrinsic, local, and systemic stimuli to adjust regeneration to tissue demands. These control mechanisms decline with age, resulting in significant perturbation of intestinal homeostasis. Processes that lead to this decline have been explored intensively in Drosophila melanogaster in recent years and are now starting to be characterized in mammalian models. This review presents a model for age-related regenerative decline in the fly intestine and discusses recent findings that start to establish molecular mechanisms of age-related decline of mammalian ISC function. 203 Annu. Rev. Physiol. 2020.82:203-226. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by 44.224.250.200 on 07/08/20. For personal use only.

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Section: Intestinal Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Stem Cell Aging: Origins and Interventions

Jasper¹

2020

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

126

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“…Such results underline how specific nutrients included in the FMD eating plan (such as prebiotics) play a key role in counteracting inflammation and in regulating the intestine's microbiota. Finally, the same authors provided evidence that only multiple cycles of FMD were able to promote ISCs activation and intestinal regeneration, suggesting that fasting primes the gut for improvement but that the refeeding phase of FMD triggers the regeneration of cells and tissues [213]. In summary, the metabolic properties of ISCs and CSCs represent a promising target for CRC prevention strategies and possibly for an improved treatment of CRC patients.…”

Section: Fasting Caloric Restriction and Iscsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Dietary Factors in the Control of Gut Homeostasis, Intestinal Stem Cells, and Colorectal Cancer

2019

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Global CRC burden is expected to increase by 60% in the next decade, with low-income countries experiencing an escalation of CRC incidence and mortality in parallel to the adoption of western lifestyles. CRC incidence is also sharply increasing in individuals younger than 50 years, often presenting at advanced stages and with aggressive features. Both genetic and environmental factors have been recognized as major contributors for the development of CRC, the latter including diet-related conditions such as chronic inflammation and obesity. In particular, a diet rich in fat and sugars (Western-style diet, WSD) has been shown to induce multiple pathophysiological changes in the intestine linked to an increased risk of CRC. In this scenario, dietary factors have been recently shown to play novel unexpected roles in the regulation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and of the gut microbiota, which represent the two main biological systems responsible for intestinal homeostasis. Furthermore, diet is increasingly recognized to play a key role in the neoplastic transformation of ISCs and in the metabolic regulation of colorectal cancer stem cells. This review illustrates novel discoveries on the role of dietary components in regulating intestinal homeostasis and colorectal tumorigenesis. Particular focus is dedicated to new areas of research with potential clinical relevance including the effect of food components on ISCs and cancer stem cells (CSCs), the existence of CRC-specific microbial signatures and the alterations of intestinal homeostasis potentially involved in early-onset CRC. New insights on the role of dietary factors in intestinal regulation will provide new tools not only for the prevention and early diagnosis of CRC but also for improving the effectiveness of current CRC therapies.

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“…74 Similarly, intermittent fasting was protective in EAE, 75,76 and protection was mediated at least in part by microbiota changes. 76 Protective microbiota changes have also been observed in response to CR in a model of induced colitis and in human inflammatory bowel disease, 14 suggesting that it may be a major mechanism for the immunomodulatory effect of CR.…”

Section: Lupus and Sys Temi C Me Tabolis Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic determinants of lupus pathogenesis

Teng

Brown

Choi

et al. 2020

Immunological Reviews

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The metabolism of healthy murine and more recently human immune cells has been investigated with an increasing amount of details. These studies have revealed the challenges presented by immune cells to respond rapidly to a wide variety of triggers by adjusting the amount, type, and utilization of the nutrients they import. A concept has emerged that cellular metabolic programs regulate the size of the immune response and the plasticity of its effector functions. This has generated a lot of enthusiasm with the prediction that cellular metabolism could be manipulated to either enhance or limit an immune response. In support of this hypothesis, studies in animal models as well as human subjects have shown that the dysregulation of the immune system in autoimmune diseases is associated with a skewing of the immunometabolic programs. These studies have been mostly conducted on autoimmune CD4 + T cells, with the metabolism of other immune cells in autoimmune settings still being understudied. Here we discuss systemic metabolism as well as cellular immunometabolism as novel tools to decipher fundamental mechanisms of autoimmunity. We review the contribution of each major metabolic pathway to autoimmune diseases, with a focus on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with the relevant translational opportunities, existing or predicted from results obtained with healthy immune cells. Finally, we review how targeting metabolic programs may present novel therapeutic venues. K E Y W O R D Sglucose, glutamine, lupus, metabolic inhibitors, metabolism

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Fasting-Mimicking Diet Modulates Microbiota and Promotes Intestinal Regeneration to Reduce Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathology

Cited by 217 publications

References 78 publications

Intestinal Stem Cell Aging: Origins and Interventions

Intestinal Stem Cell Aging: Origins and Interventions

Dietary Factors in the Control of Gut Homeostasis, Intestinal Stem Cells, and Colorectal Cancer

Metabolic determinants of lupus pathogenesis

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