Fasting Serum Apolipoprotein B-48 Can be a Marker of Postprandial Hyperlipidemia

Abstract

Aim: Postprandial hyperlipidemia (PH) is thought to be caused by the impaired postprandial metabolism of triglycerides (TG)-rich lipoproteins in both endogenous and exogenous pathways; however, there is no consensus. It is difficult to estimate the presence of PH without performing a time-consuming oral fat loading (OFL) test, so postprandial lipoprotein metabolism was analyzed by measuring the postprandial levels of apolipoprotein (apo) B-48 and apo B-100, and the correlation between postprandial TG increase and fasting apoB-48 levels was assessed to establish a good marker of PH without performing an OFL test. Methods: Ten male normolipidemic subjects were loaded with a high-fat (HF, 1045 kcal) or standard (ST, 566 kcal) meal, and the lipids, apolipoproteins and lipoprotein profiles were analyzed after each meal. Results: TG, apo B-48, remnant-like particles (RLP)-cholesterol and RLP-TG levels were increased and their levels were significantly higher after intake of the HF meal than the ST meal; however, there was no postprandial increase in apo B-100 and LDL-C levels. Postprandial increases in TG levels of CM, VLDL, LDL and HDL were significantly higher after intake of the HF meal than the ST meal. Fasting apo B-48 levels were strongly correlated with the incremental area under the curve of TG after intake of the HF meal, but not the ST meal. Conclusion: Postprandial TG increase was mainly due to increased CM and CM-R, but not VLDL. Measurement of fasting serum apo B-48 may be a simple and useful method for assessment of the existence of PH.

The relationship between the postprandial lipemic response and lipid composition in persons with spinal cord injury

“…In AB subjects, the fasting serum concentration of apoB was associated with fasting small LDL particle concentration. Although our study described the relationship between fasting apoB concentrations and PPL responses, Masuda et al 26 reported that after an oral fat load, fasting apoB-48 concentrations correlated with TG AUC after a high-fat meal; a correlation was also observed for fasting and stimulated levels of apoB-48. These findings suggest that a high-fat meal results in higher postprandial TG concentrations because of elevated apoB-48 remnant production from the small intestine, with little increase in serum LDL-c hepatic production of apolipoprotein B100.…”

Apolipoprotein B-48 to Triglyceride Ratio Is a Novel and Useful Marker for Detection of Type III Hyperlipidemia after Antihyperlipidemic Intervention

“…Fasting apo B-48 levels are correlated with postprandial TG increase 19) and are significantly higher in patients with accumulated CM and CM remnants 17) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) 20) . High fasting apo B-48 levels are correlated with premature carotid artery stenosis 21,22) , and postprandial increases in TG and apo B-48 are correlated with CHD 23) .…”

Apolipoprotein B-48

“…For many years, CM and CM remnants were believed the major source of lipoproteins in postprandial hyperlipidemia. ApoB-48 containing particles of CM origin increased in parallel with plasma TG after food ingestion [17,36,88,114]. This finding led to the assumption that the major remnant component was composed of CM remnants.…”

“…3.5). These results suggested that CM or CM remnants are the major component of increased postprandial remnant lipoproteins [88]. However, plasma apoB-100 was far greater than apoB-48.…”