“…Scientific literature describing neoplasia in common carp ( Cyprinus carpio carpio/Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus ) and mirror carp (the cutaneous ‘mirror‐scale’ phenotype variant of common carp) is generally limited 1 . A systematic database search (google scholar, PubMed, CABI direct, and Scopus) covering the years 1900–2023, and using terms ‘C yprinus carpio Linnaeus ’, ‘ Cyprinus carpio carpio ’, ‘neoplasm’ and ‘neoplasia’ reveals only single reports of epithelioreticular cell thymoma ( n = 1), 2 hepatocellular adenoma ( n = 1), 3 cholangioma ( n = 1), 3 cholangiocellular carcinoma ( n = 1), 3 multiple cardiac neurofibromas ( n = 1), 4 and low numbers of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas ( n = 1+), 5,6 hepatocellular carcinomas ( n = 3), 3 Sertoli cell tumours ( n = 2) 7,8 and retroperitoneal haemangiosarcoma (HSA) ( n = 2) 9,10 in the species. References to Amur carp/koi carp (‘ Cyprinus rubrofuscus ’; and the erroneous scientific designation ‘Cyprinus carpio koi ’) were specifically excluded from the search.…”