Fat-containing Lesions of the Chest

Abstract

Although most lesions that occur in the chest have a nonspecific soft-tissue appearance, fat-containing lesions are occasionally encountered at cross-sectional computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging. The various fat-containing lesions of the chest include parenchymal and endobronchial lesions such as hamartoma, lipoid pneumonia, and lipoma. Endobronchial hamartoma usually appears at CT as a lesion with a smooth edge, focal collections of fat, or fat collections that alternate with foci of calcification. Mediastinal fat-containing lesions include germ cell neoplasms, thymolipomas, lipomas, and liposarcomas. The most frequent CT manifestation of the germ cell neoplasm teratoma is a heterogeneous mass with soft-tissue, fluid, fat, and calcium attenuation. Cardiac lesions with fat content include lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. Diagnosis of the former is made with CT when a smooth, nonenhancing, well-marginated fat-containing lesion is identified in the interatrial septum. Finally, fat may herniate into the chest at several characteristic locations. When such a lesion is identified, the time required for differential diagnosis is significantly reduced, often allowing a definitive radiologic diagnosis. Sagittal and coronal reformatted images can add valuable information by showing diaphragmatic defects and hernia contents.

Pleural Lipoma: a Case Report

“…olmayan öksürük ve efor dispnesi yer alır (1). Plevral lipomlar direkt radyografide yumuşak doku dansitesinde lezyonlar olarak görülür ve büyük boyutlara ulaşabilirler.…”

Diaphragmatic Hernias: A Cause of Unilateral Loss of The Cardiophrenic Sinus Angle

“…Loss of the cardiophrenic sinus angle may be due to space-occupying lesions, infection, inflammation, increased fat tissue in the pericardial space or diaphragmatic herniation. The evaluation should be obtained by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) for the differential diagnosis and treatment guide [1][2][3][4][5]. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of loss of the cardiophrenic sinus angle due to diaphragmatic hernia.…”

Thoracic lipomas simulating metastasis

“…(4) Symptoms, although unusual, might include nonproductive cough, back pain, exertional dyspnea, and a sensation of heaviness in the chest. (3) Lipomas are benign tumors, and surgery is not usually indicated. (5) However, in view of the difficult differentiation between a lipoma and a well-differentiated liposarcoma even after needle biopsy, surgical excision can be a valid option.…”

“…(2) Thoracic or pleural lipomas originate from submesothelial layers of parietal pleura, can extend into the subpleural, pleural, or extrapleural space, and exhibit slow growth. (3) They can arise from the lateral wall, as well from the mediastinal or diaphragmatic pleura. (3) The low frequency and the very few reports on this entity limit the possibility of defining the correct gender and age predilection.…”

“…(3) They can arise from the lateral wall, as well from the mediastinal or diaphragmatic pleura. (3) The low frequency and the very few reports on this entity limit the possibility of defining the correct gender and age predilection. The prevalence has been rising steadily in the past years probably due to the widespread use of chest CT scans.…”