Fat-to-muscle ratio is a useful index for cardiometabolic risks: A population-based observational study

Abstract

Metabolic disorders are prevalent worldwide and have recently become public health problems recently. Previous studies have proposed different body composition indices for predicting future cardiovascular risks. We hypothesized an association among fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR), metabolic syndrome (MetS), hypertension (HTN), prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), and cardiovascular risk in an adult population. A total of 66829 eligible subjects composed of 34182 males and 32647 females aged 20 years or older were obtained from health examinations in the Tri-Service General Hospital from 2011 to 2017. The body composition indices included fat and muscle mass measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. A multivariable regression model was performed in a large population-based cross-sectional study. FMR was significantly associated with MetS, prediabetes, DM and HTN in all models of both genders. Based on quartile analysis, higher FMR had higher predictive ability for adverse health outcomes. The association between different definitions of MetS and the Framingham risk score was analyzed, and FMR-incorporated MetS was more useful for predicting higher Framingham risk scores than traditional definitions. FMR was a useful indicator for the presence of adverse cardiometabolic risks. Compared to traditional definition of MetS, FMR-incorporated MetS had a greater ability to predict incident cardiovascular risks. FMR seemed to be a simple and effective index for the early prevention and management of cardiometabolic events.

Fat mass to fat-free mass ratio and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and fibrosis in non-obese and obese individuals

“…Meanwhile, it has been reported that the FM/FFM ratio was positively associated with insulin resistance in the general population and liver fat accumulation, which was an important pathological feature of NAFLD, in patients with T2D directly [ 18 , 35 ]. Besides, studies also suggested that the FM/FFM ratio was capable to be regarded as a novel predictor of metabolic syndrome and glucose metabolic disorder, which both were associated closely with NAFLD [ 18 – 20 , 36 ]. Combined these studies with the findings of our study, the FM/FFM ratio could be a useful predictor of the risk of developing NAFLD among different obesity status.…”

“…There were several studies that investigated the associations of FM/FFM with health outcomes and found that the ratio was associated with insulin resistance, liver fat accumulation, glucose metabolic disorders, and metabolic syndrome [ 18 – 20 ]. However, the association of the FM/FFM ratio with the risk of incident NAFLD and fibrosis remained unclear, especially whether it could predict the NAFLD risk in non-obese individuals has not been estimated.…”

Body Muscle-to-Fat Ratio, Rather Than Fat-to-Muscle Ratio, Significantly Correlates With Measured Insulin Resistance in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Recent studies have suggested the potential usefulness in managing metabolic diseases of an index that combines muscle mass and fat mass [ 17 , 18 ]. Previously, we reported that BMFR has a strong linear correlation with M/I [ 1 , 2 ].…”

High-Intensity Interval Training for Hypertensive Power Sports Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…The greatest percent of prevalence of the hypertension (H) is fixed in such sports as weightlifting, American soccer and baseball where athletes reach the body weight of ≥136 kg (Weiner et al, 2013). Also, the burden of H from 55.4 % to 83 % is noted in a subgroup of athletes of power sports of heavy weight category (Chobanian et al, 2003;Guo et al, 2013). Physical exercise is a cornerstone in non-pharmacological hypertension therapy.…”