Fatal Case of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Caused by Reassortant Virus, Spain, 2018

Negredo, Anabel; Sánchez-Arroyo, Rafael; Díez-Fuertes, Francisco; Ory, Fernando de; Budiño, Marco Antonio; Vázquez, Ana; Garcinuño, Ángeles; Hernández, Lourdes; González, César de la Hoz; Gutiérrez-Arroyo, Almudena; Grande, C. Camarena; Sánchez-Seco, Paz

doi:10.3201/eid2704.203462

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…We assume that the Asian-origin M segment may be frequently exchanged among African CCHFVs through genetic reassortment. To our knowledge, CCHFV with the Africa lineage M segment has never been found outside Africa except for Spain [ 29 ]. In addition, there are no reports of African CCHFV with the Asian-origin S or L segment, whereas the viruses with the African-origin S segment have been detected in Russia and United Arab Emirates [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serologic and molecular evidence for circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks and cattle in Zambia

et al. 2021

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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonosis with a high case fatality rate in humans. Although the disease is widely found in Africa, Europe, and Asia, the distribution and genetic diversity of CCHF virus (CCHFV) are poorly understood in African countries. To assess the risks of CCHF in Zambia, where CCHF has never been reported, epidemiologic studies in cattle and ticks were conducted. Through an indirect immunofluorescence assay, CCHFV nucleoprotein-specific serum IgG was detected in 8.4% (88/1,047) of cattle. Among 290 Hyalomma ticks, the principal vector of CCHFV, the viral genome was detected in 11 ticks. Phylogenetic analyses of the CCHFV S and M genome segments revealed that one of the detected viruses was a genetic reassortant between African and Asian strains. This study provides compelling evidence for the presence of CCHFV in Zambia and its transmission to vertebrate hosts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serologic and molecular evidence for circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks and cattle in Zambia

et al. 2021

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“…CCHFV has a wide geographical distribution with continued expansion, causing asymptomatic infections or disease generally with mild flu-like to moderate symptoms [ 2 , 3 ]. But in some cases, the disease can progress to a life-threatening phase resulting in hemorrhages, disseminated intravascular coagulation, multiple organ failure, and shock [ 4 , 5 ]. Also, community-acquired, and nosocomial infections are reported [ 1 , 6 – 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune responses in multiple hosts to Nucleocapsid Protein (NP) of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV)

et al. 2021

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In 2019, the World Health Organization declared 3 billion to be at risk of developing Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF). The causative agent of this deadly infection is CCHFV. The data related to the biology and immunology of CCHFV are rather scarce. Due to its indispensable roles in the viral life cycle, NP becomes a logical target for detailed viral immunology studies. In this study, humoral immunity to NP was investigated in CCHF survivors, as well as in immunized mice and rabbits. Abundant antibody response against NP was demonstrated both during natural infection in humans and following experimental immunizations in mice and rabbits. Also, cellular immune responses to recombinant NP (rNP) was detected in multispecies. This study represents the most comprehensive investigation on NP as an inducer of both humoral and cellular immunity in multiple hosts and proves that rNP is an excellent candidate warranting further immunological studies specifically on vaccine investigations.

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“…comm., email, 2021 Sep 30). Cases detected in 2018 consisted of CCHFV genotype V (Europe 1 clade) ( 14 ); a reassortment of genotype IV (Africa 4 clade) in the S segment; and genotype III (Africa 3 clade) in the M and L segments ( 13 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Widespread Detection of Multiple Strains of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Ticks, Spain

Sánchez-Seco¹,

Sierra²,

Estrada-Peña³

et al. 2021

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Human cases of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) were first detected in Spain in 2016. National human and animal health authorities organized a large, multidisciplinary study focusing on ticks as sentinels to determine the nationwide distribution of ticks with CCHF virus. Ticks were collected from animals and vegetation, samples pooled (12,584 ticks; 4,556 pools), and molecular methods used to look for the virus. We detected the virus in 135 pools from most of the regions studied, indicating that it is widespread in Spain. We found sequences of CCHF virus genotypes I, III, and IV in the tick species collected, most commonly in Hyalomma lusitanicum , suggesting this tick has a prominent role in the virus’s natural cycle. The red deer ( Cervus elaphus ) was the host that most frequently yielded positive ticks. Our study highlights the need for larger studies in Spain to ascertain the complete risk to public health.

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Fatal Case of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Caused by Reassortant Virus, Spain, 2018

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Serologic and molecular evidence for circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks and cattle in Zambia

Serologic and molecular evidence for circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks and cattle in Zambia

Immune responses in multiple hosts to Nucleocapsid Protein (NP) of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV)

Widespread Detection of Multiple Strains of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Ticks, Spain

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