Fatal Chromobacterium violaceum septicaemia in northern Laos, a modified oxidase test and post-mortem forensic family G6PD analysis

Slesak, Günther; Douangdala, Phouvieng; Inthalad, Saythong; Silisouk, Joy; Vongsouvath, Manivanh; Sengduangphachanh, Amphonesavanh; Moore, Catrin E.; Mayxay, Mayfong; Matsuoka, Hiroyuki; Newton, Paul N.

doi:10.1186/1476-0711-8-24

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…2 A total of 154 cases of C. violaceum have been previously published. Location data available for 143 cases reveal a worldwide tropical distribution comprising western Pacific (Vietnam, Japan, Korea, Cambodia, Malaysia, China, Australia, Singapore, Laos, and Papua New Guinea) with 49 cases (34.3%), [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] the Americas with 46 cases (30.0%), 3,13,14 southeast Asia (Thailand, India, Sri Lanka, and Nepal) with 23 cases (16.0%), 3,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Africa with 22 cases (15.4%), 23,24 Persian Gulf with two cases (1.4%), 25 and Europe with one case (0.7%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spectrum of Chromobacterium violaceum Infections from a Single Geographic Location

Lin

Majumdar

Hennessy

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Chromobacterium violaceum is a bacterium associated with soil and water exposure in tropical regions and causes rare and serious clinical infections that are often fatal. We reviewed the demographic and clinical details of 28 patients with C. violaceum detected over 15 years from 2000 to 2015, from the Top End of the Northern Territory. Of these patients, 18 had infections attributable to C. violaceum. Patients with infections were more commonly male (55.6%), and in the 16-to 60-year (61.1%) age group. Skin and soft tissue infections (50%), predominantly involving the limbs, were the major clinical manifestation. Water, mud exposure, and trauma were all noted as precipitating circumstances and comorbidities were present in 61.1% of the patients with infections. Of the 28 patients, 10 (35.8%) had C. violaceum isolated as an incidental finding or as asymptomatic colonization; these 10 patients did not require or receive therapy for C. violaceum bacterial infections. There were no relapsing infections in this group. Chromobacterium violaceum remains a serious infection, with seven patients (25%) in our series requiring intensive care management. However, the mortality rate (7.1%) in our series was far lower than previously described. This case series of C. violaceum infections from a single geographic area provides additional information of the characteristics of infection with this pathogen.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spectrum of Chromobacterium violaceum Infections from a Single Geographic Location

Lin

Majumdar

Hennessy

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…[6] The disease typically starts with a localized skin infection or localized lymphadenitis following contact with stagnant water or soil and then progresses to fulminating septicemia, with necrotizing metastatic lesions and multiple abscesses in the liver, lung, spleen, skin, lymph nodes, and brain, resulting in fatal multiorgan failure. [7] There are also reports of chronic granulomatosis, osteomyelitis, cellulitis, and periorbital and ocular infections. [2]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromobacterium violaceum : A rare bacterium isolated from a wound over the scalp

Kumar

2012

Int J App Basic Med Res

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Infection due to Chromobacterium violaceum, a large motile gram-negative bacillus, is a rare entity that typically starts with a localized skin infection or localized lymphadenitis after contact with stagnant water or soil. It can progress to fulminating septicemia, with necrotizing metastatic lesions and multiple abscesses in the liver, lung, spleen, skin, lymph nodes, and brain, and result in fatal multiorgan failure. We report a case of a young male with a history of fall from a bike into stagnant water who subsequently developed C violaceum infection at the site of the sutured scalp wound.

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“…The first reported human infection with Chromobacterium violaceum was in Malaysia in 1927, and less than 100 cases have been described since [7-10]. This case in Ho Chi Minh City shows the need for rapid diagnosis when there is the suspicion of a puncture wound contaminated with water and soil in tropical regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A successful antimicrobial regime for Chromobacterium violaceum induced bacteremia

et al. 2013

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BackgroundChromobacterium violaceum is a proteobacterium found in soil and water in tropical regions. The organism rarely causes infection in humans, yet can cause a severe systemic infection by entering the bloodstream via an open wound.Case presentationWe recently identified a case of severe bacteremia caused by Chromobacterium violaceum at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (HTD) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Here, we describe how rapid microbiological identification and a combination of antimicrobials was used to successfully treat this life threatening infection in a four-year-old child.ConclusionsThis case shows the need for rapid diagnosis when there is the suspicion of a puncture wound contaminated with water and soil in tropical regions. We suggest that the aggressive antimicrobial combination used here is considered when this infection is suspected.

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Fatal Chromobacterium violaceum septicaemia in northern Laos, a modified oxidase test and post-mortem forensic family G6PD analysis

Abstract: Background: Chromobacterium violaceum is a Gram negative facultative anaerobic bacillus, found in soil and stagnant water, that usually has a violet pigmented appearance on agar culture. It is rarely described as a human pathogen, mostly from tropical and subtropical areas.

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

The Spectrum of Chromobacterium violaceum Infections from a Single Geographic Location

The Spectrum of Chromobacterium violaceum Infections from a Single Geographic Location

Chromobacterium violaceum : A rare bacterium isolated from a wound over the scalp

A successful antimicrobial regime for Chromobacterium violaceum induced bacteremia

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