“…Over the following days, the Tsar prayed for a miracle, but it was in vain, and the tsarevich died 4 days later, on November 19. [1][2][3][4] Since the incident occurred at a time when detailed medical records were scarce, the specific injuries suffered by Ivan Ivanovich were never adequately documented. However, given the severity of the blow and the characteristic symptoms of the lucid interval (LI), it is plausible that he suffered a fatal epidural hematoma (EDH).…”