Fatal histiocytic proliferative disorders in paediatric HIV infection with cytomegalovirus end‐organ disease

Nastouli, Eleni; Carrol, Enitan D.; Malone, Marian; Riordan, Andrew; Lyall, Hermione

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2009.07813.x

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…the other hypothesis is that LCH is a reactive process wherein immune dysregulation often triggered by viral infections leads to aberrant reaction between T lymphocytes and Langerhans cells [2] Studies were done to relate LCH to viral etiologies but were not able to prove such a relationship. McClain et al used sensitive in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques in 56 LCH patients but failed to find evidence of genomes for adenovirus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex virus, human herpes virus type 6, human immunodeficiency virus, human T-cell leukemia virus types I and II, and parvovirus [7]. HIV infection per se could least likely to be the cause of LCH in our patient.…”

contrasting

confidence: 58%

“…Concomitant HIV and CMV infection could be the cause contributing to the etiology of LCH in this patient. As demonstrated by the previous report of 2 similar cases by Nastouli et al, infections can act synergistically in a myelosuppressive manner and provide antigenic and inflammatory context for the development of histiocytic proliferations [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 80%

“…To our knowledge there are only 2 cases of fatal histiocytic proliferative disorders in pediatric HIV infection with CMV disease; one was an infant with sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) and the second case was that of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Both were started on therapy with methylprednisolone but one of them succumbed to the disease and in the other therapy was stopped due to complications [7]. To the best of our knowledge LCH in a HIV infected child has not been reported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

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Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a pediatric HIV patient

et al. 2015

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Children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased risk of malignancies. Herein, we present a 16 month old HIV infected child receiving antiretroviral therapy who presented with pain and swelling of both knees and ankles. This child was diagnosed as Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) which is an uncommon proliferative disorder rarely reported in a HIV patient. The child was treated with chemotherapy and is well clinically. Infiltrative disorders like LCH should be kept among the differential diagnosis of bony pain and swelling in HIV infected children.

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confidence: 58%

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confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

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Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a pediatric HIV patient

et al. 2015

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“…Hematological alterations include anemia, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, increased ESR, and hypergammaglobulinemia. 10 Imaging helps in assessing the disease extension. If there is cervical lymph node enlargement, fine needle aspiration biopsy or lymph node biopsies may be useful for the diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metachronous Nodal and Nasal Rosai-Dorfman Disease presenting with Chronic Renal Failure

Bhat¹,

Prasad²,

Bhandary³

et al. 2013

An International Journal Clinical Rhinology

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Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is an uncommon non-neoplastic lymphoproliferative disorder. It usually manifests as bilateral, painless, massive cervical lymph node enlargement in children and young adults, hence the name sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy. Extranodal involvement is observed in 25 to 40% of cases. Involvement of nasal cavity is rare and those presenting with renal failure are exceptional. We report a rare case of 16-year-old boy who was diagnosed as a case of RDD of cervical lymph node before 6 years, now presenting with nodular lesions in the nasal cavity and features of renal failure. The nasal lesion was confirmed to be RDD histologically.

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“…Histology shows dilated sinuses with numerous histiocytes that exhibit emperipolesis. Immunohistochemical features include positivity for S100 protein and CD68, and negativity for CD1a 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 . These cytologic and histologic findings, which were found in our patient, are characteristic of RDD and essentially present in all RDD cases, regardless of the sites of involvement (nodal or extranodal) and regardless of the type of infection or associated pathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%