Fatal outcome of COVID-19 disease in a 5-month infant with comorbidities

Diranzo, Francisco José Climent; Calvo, Cristina; Garcı́a-Guereta, Luis; Rodríguez-Álvarez, Diego; Buitrago, Nelson Mauricio; Pérez‐Martínez, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.rec.2020.04.011

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Currently, there are no reliable data with regards to the burden of infected children with CHD and the COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality in this setting. Few studies are focusing on children with CHD and COVID-19, mainly limited to sporadic case reports or small case series (Table 7 )[ 155 - 162 ]. These children seem to be a vulnerable population to a potential clinical deterioration in the presence of bilateral pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2, especially those with non-corrected complex cardiac defects and decreased cardiopulmonary functional reserve.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular impact of COVID-19 with a focus on children: A systematic review

Rodríguez-González

Castellano-Martínez

Cascales-Poyatos³

et al. 2020

WJCC

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BACKGROUND Since the beginning of the pandemic, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in children has shown milder cases and a better prognosis than adults. Although the respiratory tract is the primary target for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), cardiovascular involvement is emerging as one of the most significant and life-threatening complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults. AIM To summarize the current knowledge about the potential cardiovascular involvement in pediatric COVID-19 in order to give a perspective on how to take care of them during the current pandemic emergency. METHODS Multiple searches in MEDLINE, PubMed were performed using the search terms “COVID-19” or “SARS-CoV-2" were used in combination with “myocardial injury” or "arrhythmia" or “cardiovascular involvement” or "heart disease" or "congenital heart disease" or “pulmonary hypertension” or "long QT" or “cardiomyopathies” or “channelopathies” or "Multisystem inflammatory system" or "PMIS" or “MIS-C” or ”Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome" or "myocarditis" or "thromboembolism to identify articles published in English language from January 1st, 2020 until July 31st, 2020. The websites of World Health Organization, Centers for Disease control and Prevention, and the Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center were reviewed to provide up to date numbers and infection control recommendations. Reference lists from the articles were reviewed to identify additional pertinent articles. Retrieved manuscripts concerning the subject were reviewed by the authors, and the data were extracted using a standardized collection tool. Data were subsequently analyzed with descriptive statistics. For Pediatric multisystemic inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (PMIS), multiple meta-analyses were conducted to summarize the pooled mean proportion of different cardiovascular variables in this population in pseudo-cohorts of observed patients. RESULTS A total of 193 articles were included. Most publications used in this review were single case reports, small case series, and observational small-sized studies or literature reviews. The meta-analysis of 16 studies with size > 10 patients and with complete data about cardiovascular involvement in children with PMIS showed that PMIS affects mostly previously healthy school-aged children and adolescents presenting with Kawasaki disease-like features and multiple organ failure with a focus on the heart, accounting for most cases of pediatric COVID-19 mortality. They frequently presented cardiogenic shock (53%), ECG alterations (27%), myocardial dysfunction (52%), and coronary artery dilation (15%). Most cases required PICU admission (75%) and inotropic support (57%), with the rare need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (4%). Almost all of these children wholly recovered in a few days, although rare deaths have been reported (2%). Out of PMIS cases we ide...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular impact of COVID-19 with a focus on children: A systematic review

Rodríguez-González

Castellano-Martínez

Cascales-Poyatos³

et al. 2020

WJCC

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“… 30 Neurological manifestations were frequently described as neurocognitive symptoms, including headache, irritability, lethargy, and somnolence. 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 23 , 24 , 26 , 29 , 31 , 33 Axial hypotonia, 22 generalized hypertonia, 23 and muscular pain 39 indicated the presence of neuromuscular manifestations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 12 However, due to the outrageous number of infected children, some fatal cases are being reported, associated with extrapulmonary complications, pointing to a need of medical and scientific attention. 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 in children: a comprehensive review and pathophysiological considerations

Pousa¹,

Mendonça²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2021

Jornal de Pediatria

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Objective The aim of this review was to summarize the most common extrapulmonary manifestations in pediatric patients with COVID-19, as well as to discuss clinical, epidemiological, and pathophysiological aspects of these clinical presentations in children. Source of data An extensive search of literature was performed in order to identify pediatric cases with extrapulmonary manifestations between January 1, 2020 and June 21, 2020. Generic keywords, such as “Novel coronavirus” or “Novel coronavirus 2019” or “2019 nCoV” or “COVID-19” or “SARS-CoV-2” were searched on PubMed database, associated either with age filters or generic pediatric terms. Summary of findings A total of 28 articles, including 199 patients, were considered suitable to review and data extraction. The main findings were summarized in tables. The main non-pulmonary manifestations in pediatric patients, in decreasing order of frequency, were gastrointestinal, renal, cardiovascular, neurological, hematological and lymphatic, cutaneous, hepatic, ocular, olfactory, and gustatory. Multisystem impairment and Kawasaki-like disease were also described. Conclusions Differences in immune response of children and variations of tissue expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2, the virus receptor, are likely to influence clinical, epidemiological, and pathophysiological patterns of the disease.

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“…Since December 2019 we are immersed in a declared public health emergency of international concern, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Since most of them presented with mild forms of acute respiratory infections, the focus was on children with underlying/comorbid disease who concentrated the rare fatalities ( She et al 2020;Climent et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 ocular findings in paediatric population

Alcalde

Fernández

Moreno

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Purpose To investigate and describe ocular findings in COVID-19 paediatric patients. Methods A total of 17 COVID-19 patients aged between 0 and 17 years old were recruited at the Paediatric Hospital of La Paz University Hospital (Madrid, Spain). A complete ophthalmological examination was performed in all patients. Results Of 17 patients, 50% had a known COVID-19 previous exposure. PCR from nasopharyngeal swabs was positive in 35.29%, whereas IgM and/or IgG serology tests were positive in 81%. Clinical manifestations were: 6 COVID-19associated Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS), 7 pneumonias and 2 cutaneous purpura and/or chilblains. Ocular findings were ocular hyperaemia (5 patients), as bilateral acute conjunctivitis (3 patients) or unilateral episcleritis (2 patients). Mean best corrected visual acuity was 1/1 in all tested cases. Only one patient, presenting unilateral optic neuritis, had visual symptoms as unilateral inferior temporal quadrantanopsy. Retinal involvement was found in one patient, where ocular fundus exam showed unilateral retinal vasculitis. Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 infection could produce ocular pathology in children, frequently presented weeks after the acute phase of the disease. We should take into account COVID-19 when performing differential diagnosis of children presenting with conjunctivitis, episcleritis, retinal vasculitis and/or optic neuritis, meanwhile this world-wide pandemic lasts.

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Fatal outcome of COVID-19 disease in a 5-month infant with comorbidities

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Cardiovascular impact of COVID-19 with a focus on children: A systematic review

Cardiovascular impact of COVID-19 with a focus on children: A systematic review

Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 in children: a comprehensive review and pathophysiological considerations

COVID-19 ocular findings in paediatric population

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