Fatal Road Traffic Vehicle Collisions With Pedestrian Victims

Chatzaraki, Vasiliki; Thali, Michael J.; Ampanozi, Garyfalia; Schweitzer, Wolf

doi:10.1097/paf.0000000000000382

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Overall, head, face, and neck injuries were the most common (71.4%, n ¼ 40) followed by thorax (64.3%, n ¼ 36), and head trauma was the most common cause of death. Of the 56 articles, only 10 articles in the present review indicated that radiological findings supplemented autopsy observations (22,35,37,39,53,57,58,61,62,70). Teresinski et al mentioned the use of radiology to diagnose injuries for accident reconstruction in two articles but whether imaging supplemented their studies was unclear (27,40).…”

Section: Sample Size and Originmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Similarly, another article published in the same year used data from 254 cases from 2006 (48). Two articles that were published in 2018 did include recent cases but had smaller sample sizes of 21 and 33 cases, and the authors focused on radiologic imaging and cardiac injuries, respectively (56,57).…”

Section: Study Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were 18 articles (32.1%) that specified an impact zone and correlated it with injuries (18,25,27,31,33,36,37,44,47,52,(57)(58)(59)(60)66,69,74,78). Nine articles (50.0%) specified frontal impact alone (18,25,27,33,44,47,57,69,74). The adult (25,33,44,47,57) and elderly (25,33,44,57,74) (n ¼ 5, 55.6% each) age groups predominated.…”

Section: Injuries Sustained By Types Of Vehicles and Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nine articles (50.0%) specified frontal impact alone (18,25,27,33,44,47,57,69,74). The adult (25,33,44,47,57) and elderly (25,33,44,57,74) (n ¼ 5, 55.6% each) age groups predominated. Five articles (27.8%) indicated right frontal impact alone (37,52,(58)(59)(60).…”

Section: Injuries Sustained By Types Of Vehicles and Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatal Motor Vehicle-Pedestrian Collision Injury Patterns—A Systematic Literature Review

Halari¹,

Shkrum²

2020

Academic Forensic Pathology

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Introduction: Injury patterns in pedestrians struck by motor vehicles were described in medical literature first published almost a half century ago. “Classical” triads of injury distribution were described for adults (skull-pelvis-extremity) and subsequently applied to children (head-hip or pelvis-distal femur/knee joint). Notably, these classical triads were derived from two publications reporting clinical observations of only 11 patients, all of whom were adults. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane to determine the evidence-base for motor vehicle collision (MVC)-pedestrian injury “triads” and other trauma patterns described for pedestrians in the adult and pediatric age groups. Results: Of the 1540 full-text articles identified in the review, 56 articles published in English met the inclusion criteria, that is, motor vehicle-pedestrian collision resulting in specific, fatal injuries determined by postmortem examinations. There were variations in injury patterns that differed from the “classical” triads. These differences likely stem from advances in vehicle design and safety features which have affected the nature and distribution of injuries. Discussion: Further research on the correlation of specific injuries sustained by pedestrians of different ages with various types of vehicles and impacts are needed to assess the validity of previously observed injury patterns in relation to the current motor vehicle fleet. Delineation of injury patterns can assist health care teams in trauma management. Vehicle manufacturers and government regulators can better assess whether the introduction of advanced driver assistance features designed to protect pedestrians when struck will be effective in reducing severe injuries. In forensic pathology practice, knowledge of pedestrian injury patterns based on data representative of impacts involving modern vehicles can provide MVC death investigators the means to determine MVC dynamics and pedestrian kinematics.

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Section: Sample Size and Originmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Study Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Injuries Sustained By Types Of Vehicles and Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Injuries Sustained By Types Of Vehicles and Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fatal Motor Vehicle-Pedestrian Collision Injury Patterns—A Systematic Literature Review

Halari¹,

Shkrum²

2020

Academic Forensic Pathology

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“…The best results for reconstructive purposes are achieved by combining autopsy and postmortem imaging, as shown below. However, this combined method may not be possible because of limited economic resources (3,10,11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lying on the Road Before Being Run Over: Vehicular Manslaughter, Suicide, or Accident? Two Case Reports and Literature Review

Doro

Bonvicini

Beccegato

et al. 2020

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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We present two apparent hit-and-run cases where two women were run over. The vehicles involved were subsequently traced and their owners charged with manslaughter. Autopsy evidence, scientific investigation of the scene and circumstances of the deaths, technical inspection of the vehicles, and DNA analysis strongly suggested that both victims were lying on the road before the accident. Case 1 was a suicide. In Case 2, the victim had fallen to the ground following acute alcohol intoxication. Victimological analysis was pivotal in reconstructing the dynamics of the events. We suggest that a hit-and-run fatality should not be regarded as a manslaughter case until each piece of evidence has been carefully considered. We also propose an interdisciplinary method of reconstructing run over occurrences based on the following three steps: (i) identify whether there was a primary impact when the victim was in an upright position; (ii) identify victim drug/alcohol intoxication and/or presence of acute or chronic disease or injury, which may have contributed to the impact; and (iii) consider suicide intent.

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Using freely-available 3D software to reconstruct traumatic bone injuries detected with post mortem computed tomography

Biggs

Morgan

Rutty

2019

Forensic Sci Med Pathol

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Fatal Road Traffic Vehicle Collisions With Pedestrian Victims

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Fatal Motor Vehicle-Pedestrian Collision Injury Patterns—A Systematic Literature Review

Fatal Motor Vehicle-Pedestrian Collision Injury Patterns—A Systematic Literature Review

Lying on the Road Before Being Run Over: Vehicular Manslaughter, Suicide, or Accident? Two Case Reports and Literature Review

Using freely-available 3D software to reconstruct traumatic bone injuries detected with post mortem computed tomography

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