Fatal visceral leishmaniosis in a dog caused by Leishmania infantum in Bosnia and Herzegovina: A case report

Alić, Amer; Prašović, Senad; Čamo, Denis; Čoralić, Agnesa; Preldžić, Dajna; Duscher, Georg Gerhard; Hodžić, Adnan

doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.100260

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Prior investigations into canine VBPs in BiH have identified numerous zoonotic pathogens, in particular, a high prevalence of Leishmania spp. in dogs, alongside sporadic case reports of human infections (Alić et al., 2019; Colella et al., 2019; Obwaller et al., 2018; Vaselek, 2021). Human leishmaniases are among the most important VBPs globally, implicated in approximately 0.2–0.4 million human cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and 0.7–1.2 million cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) annually (Alvar et al., 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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High‐throughput microfluidic real‐time PCR for the simultaneous detection of selected vector‐borne pathogens in dogs in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Colella

Huggins

Hodžić

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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A scarcity of information on the occurrence of zoonotic vector‐borne pathogens (VBPs), alongside a lack of human and animal health authorities’ awareness of pre‐existing data, augment the risk of VBP infection for local people and limit our ability to establish control programs. This holds especially true in low‐middle income countries such as Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). This dearth of information on zoonotic VBPs is bolstered by the inability of previously used diagnostic tests, including conventional molecular diagnostic methods, to detect the full spectrum of relevant pathogens. Considering this, we set out to apply a microfluidic qPCR assay capable of detecting 43 bacterial and protozoan pathogens from blood to accrue critical baseline data for VBPs occurrence in BiH. A total of 408 dogs were tested of which half were infected with at least one VBP of zoonotic or veterinary importance. Leishmania infantum was found in 18% of dogs, reaching a prevalence as high as 38% in urbanized areas of Sarajevo. These data highlight substantially higher levels of L. infantum prevalence when compared to that previously reported using conventional methods using the same samples. Additionally, this high‐throughput microfluidic qPCR assay was able to detect pathogens rarely or never reported in canines in BiH, including Anaplasma phagocytophilum (3%), Anaplasma platys (0.2%), haemotropic Mycoplasma (1%) and Hepatozoon canis (26%). Our report of the endemicity of important zoonotic pathogens and those of clinical significance to dogs emphasizes the need for urgent implementation of surveillance and control for VBPs in BiH, targeting both animal and human infections within the country.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

High‐throughput microfluidic real‐time PCR for the simultaneous detection of selected vector‐borne pathogens in dogs in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Colella

Huggins

Hodžić

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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The estimated distribution of autochthonous leishmaniasis by Leishmania infantum in Europe in 2005–2020

et al. 2023

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Background This study describes the spatial and temporal distribution between 2005 and 2020 of human and animal leishmaniasis by Leishmania infantum in European countries reporting autochthonous cases, and highlights potential activities to improve disease control. Methodology/Principal findings It was based on a review of the scientific literature and data reported by the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) and the Ministries of Health, including hospital discharges in some countries. Autochthonous infections were reported in the scientific literature from 22 countries, including 13 and 21 countries reporting human and animal infections, respectively. In contrast, only 17 countries reported autochthonous human leishmaniasis cases to the WHO and 8 countries animal infections to the WOAH. The number of WOAH reported cases were 4,203, comprising 4,183 canine cases and 20 cases in wildlife. Of 8,367 WHO reported human cases, 69% were visceral leishmaniasis cases—of which 94% were autochthonous—and 31% cutaneous leishmaniasis cases—of which 53% were imported and mostly in France. The resulting cumulative incidence per 100,000 population of visceral leishmaniasis between 2005–2020, was highest in Albania (2.15 cases), followed by Montenegro, Malta, Greece, Spain and North Macedonia (0.53–0.42), Italy (0.16), Portugal (0.09) and lower in other endemic countries (0.07–0.002). However, according to hospital discharges, the estimated human leishmaniasis incidence was 0.70 in Italy and visceral leishmaniasis incidences were 0.67 in Spain and 0.41 in Portugal. Conclusions/Significance Overall, there was no evidence of widespread increased incidence of autochthonous human leishmaniasis by L. infantum in European countries. Visceral leishmaniasis incidence followed a decreasing trend in Albania, Italy and Portugal, and peaked in Greece in 2013, 2014 and 2017, and in Spain in 2006–2007 and 2011–2013. Animal and human cutaneous leishmaniasis remain highly underreported. In humans, hospital discharge databases provide the most accurate information on visceral leishmaniasis and may be a valuable indirect source of information to identify hotspots of animal leishmaniasis. Integrated leishmaniasis surveillance and reporting following the One Health approach, needs to be enhanced in order to improve disease control.

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Fatal visceral leishmaniosis in a dog caused by Leishmania infantum in Bosnia and Herzegovina: A case report

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

High‐throughput microfluidic real‐time PCR for the simultaneous detection of selected vector‐borne pathogens in dogs in Bosnia and Herzegovina

High‐throughput microfluidic real‐time PCR for the simultaneous detection of selected vector‐borne pathogens in dogs in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The estimated distribution of autochthonous leishmaniasis by Leishmania infantum in Europe in 2005–2020

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