Fate and distribution of kynurenic acid administered as beverage

Turska, Monika; Pelak, Jakub; Turski, Michał P.; Kocki, Tomasz; Dukowski, Piotr; Plech, Tomasz; Turski, Waldemar A.

doi:10.1016/j.pharep.2018.05.011

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Chronic dietary supplementation with KA (25 mg/L or 250 mg/L in drinking water) for 40 days decreased body weight but without negative influence on the development of the skeleton in young normal rats [ 58 ]. Importantly, several products for the daily human diet were also found to contain KA, including broccoli, potato, honeybee products, tea, and coffee [ 48 , 60 ]. These previous studies and the results of this study provide the safety basis for KA to be used as food ingredient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, KA has been reported to be absorbed by the intestine and achieve high concentrations in the liver and kidneys [ 48 ]. Another previous study also demonstrated that intragastrical administration of KA could be absorbed by the digestive system and further excreted through urine [ 60 ]. These previous studies provide the scientific basis for the use of KA via the oral route.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Beneficial Effects of Edible Kynurenic Acid from Marine Horseshoe Crab (Tachypleus tridentatus) on Obesity, Hyperlipidemia, and Gut Microbiota in High‐Fat Diet‐Fed Mice

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The marine horseshoe crab (Tachypleus tridentatus) has been considered as food and traditional medicine for many years. Kynurenic acid (KA) was isolated from horseshoe crab in this study for the first time in the world. A previous study in 2018 reported that intraperitoneal administration of KA prevented high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced body weight gain. Now, we investigated the effects of intragastric gavage of KA on HFD mice and found that KA (5 mg/kg/day) inhibited both the body weight gain and the increase of average daily energy intake. KA reduced serum triglyceride and increased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. KA inhibited HFD-induced the increases of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, coronary artery risk index, and atherosclerosis index. KA also suppressed HFD-induced the increase of the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (two dominant gut microbial phyla). KA partially reversed HFD-induced the changes in the composition of gut microbial genera. These overall effects of KA on HFD mice were similar to that of simvastatin (positive control). But the effects of 1.25 mg/kg/day KA on HFD-caused hyperlipidemia were similar to the effects of 5 mg/kg/day simvastatin. The pattern of relative abundance in 40 key genera of gut microbiota from KA group was closer to that from the normal group than that from the simvastatin group. In addition, our in vitro results showed the potential antioxidant activity of KA, which suggests that the improvement effects of KA on HFD mice may be partially associated with antioxidant activity of KA. Our findings demonstrate the potential role of KA as a functional food ingredient for the treatment of obesity and hyperlipidemia as well as the modulation of gut microbiota.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Beneficial Effects of Edible Kynurenic Acid from Marine Horseshoe Crab (Tachypleus tridentatus) on Obesity, Hyperlipidemia, and Gut Microbiota in High‐Fat Diet‐Fed Mice

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…KYNA is endogenously produced in cells and as a result of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) activity [2,3,24] or by direct transformation of kynurenine to KYNA by reactive oxygen species [126]. KYNA is also delivered to the body with food, beverages and herbs [25,57,118]. Importantly, intestinal microflora may participate in the forma-tion of the overall amount of KYNA in gastrointestinal tract [23].…”

Section: Kyna Content In Cancer Tissue and Body Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…KYNA may be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and transported with blood stream to peripheral organs [25,56,57]. Moreover, previous studies revealed that intestinal microflora may participate in the formation of the overall amount of KYNA in gastrointestinal tract [23].…”

Section: Kyna Content In Cancer Tissue and Body Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four types of tumours were identified to display significant downregulation of GPR35 (left side of the panel; marked by ↓). daily diet [21,25,56,57]. On the other hand, the current state of knowledge does not allow to state clearly whether increased concentration of KYNA in tumours is the cause or the effect of the carcinogenesis.…”

Section: Kyna and Cancer Therapy: Future Perspectives And Potential Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Kynurenic acid and cancer: facts and controversies

Walczak

Wnorowski

Turski

et al. 2019

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous tryptophan metabolite exerting neuroprotective and anticonvulsant properties in the brain. However, its importance on the periphery is still not fully elucidated. KYNA is produced endogenously in various types of peripheral cells, tissues and by gastrointestinal microbiota. Furthermore, it was found in several products of daily human diet and its absorption in the digestive tract was evidenced. More recent studies were focused on the potential role of KYNA in carcinogenesis and cancer therapy; however, the results were ambiguous and the biological activity of KYNA in these processes has not been unequivocally established. This review aims to summarize the current views on the relationship between KYNA and cancer. The differences in KYNA concentration between physiological conditions and cancer, as well as KYNA production by both normal and cancer cells, will be discussed. The review also describes the effect of KYNA on cancer cell proliferation and the known potential molecular mechanisms of this activity. Keywords Cancer therapy • Proliferation • Cell cycle • GPR35 • AhR Abbreviations 3-HAA 3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid AFMID Kynurenine formamidase (arylformamidase) AhR Aryl hydrocarbon receptor alpha7 nAChR α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor BCRP Breast cancer resistance protein BMSCs Bone marrow stromal cells BRAF B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase ERK Extracellular signal-regulated kinases GPR35 G protein-coupled receptor 35 HAAO 3-Hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase hOAT Human organic anion transporter IDO Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase KAT Kynurenine aminotransferase KMO Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase KRAS KRAS proto-oncogene KYN Kynurenine KYNA Kynurenic acid KYNU Kynureninase MAPK Mitogen-activated protein kinase MDS Myelodysplastic syndrome MGUS Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance MM Multiple myeloma MRP Multidrug resistance protein NMDA N-Methyl-d-aspartate NSCLC Non-small cell lung carcinoma PI3K/Akt Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B PIK3CA Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha PTEN Phosphatase and tensin homolog QPRT Quinolinate phosphoribosyl transferase QUIN Quinolinic acid RCC Renal cell carcinoma SCC Squamous cell carcinoma TDO Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase TP53 Tumour protein p53 Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences

show abstract