Fate and persistence of aquatic herbicides

Reinert, Kevin H.; Rodgers, John H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4700-5_3

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The 96-h exposure period was selected because it was of sufficient duration to capture the responses of amphibians to acute exposures and represents an environmentally realistic duration of exposure [13,20,27,28]. For herbicide exposures, a stock solution of each formulation was prepared along with at least 10 nominal exposure concentrations with four replicates per concentration.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative toxicity of two glyphosate formulations (original formulation of Roundup® and Roundup WeatherMAX®) to six North American larval anurans

Fuentes

Moore

Rodgers

et al. 2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The toxicity of two glyphosate formulations (the original formulation of Roundup® and Roundup WeatherMAX®) to six species of North American larval anurans was evaluated by using 96-h static, nonrenewal aqueous exposures. The 96-h median lethal concentration values (LC50) ranged from 1.80 to 4.22 mg acid equivalent (ae)/L and 1.96 to 3.26 mg ae/L for the original formulation of Roundup and Roundup WeatherMAX, respectively. Judged by LC50 values, four species were more sensitive to Roundup WeatherMAX exposures, and two species were more sensitive to the original formulation. Two of six species, Bufo fowleri (p < 0.05, F = 14.89, degrees of freedom [df] = 1) and Rana clamitans (p < 0.05, F = 18.46, df = 1), had significantly different responses to the two formulations tested. Increased sensitivity to Roundup WeatherMAX likely was due to differences in the surfactants or relative amounts of the surfactants in the two formulations. Potency slopes for exposures of the original formulation ranged from 24.3 to 92.5% mortality/mg ae/L. Thresholds ranged from 1.31 to 3.68 mg ae/L, showing an approximately three times difference in the initiation of response among species tested. For exposures of Roundup WeatherMAX, slopes ranged from 49.3 to 84.2% mortality/mg ae/L. Thresholds ranged from 0.83 to 2.68 mg ae/L. Margins of safety derived from a simulated direct overspray were above 1, except for one species in exposures of Roundup WeatherMAX. Laboratory data based on aqueous exposures are conservative because of the lack of environmental ligands; however, these tests provide information regarding the relative toxicity between these two Roundup formulations.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative toxicity of two glyphosate formulations (original formulation of Roundup® and Roundup WeatherMAX®) to six North American larval anurans

Fuentes

Moore

Rodgers

et al. 2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Bioconcentrations factors (BCFs) of 2.3-3.2 and 9.7-14.6 were measured in carp (Cyprinus carpio) at 0.1 and 0.01 mg/L, respectively (Chemicals Inspection and Testing Institute, 1992). Other measured BCFs were of 0.76-0.95 in green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) (Rodgers, 1970), \1 in bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) (Mauck et al, 1976), and 5 and 2 in bluegill sunfish and catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis), respectively (Reinert and Rodgers, 1987). The toxicity of simazine for different fish species varies significantly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of long‐term exposure to simazine on histopathology, hematological, and biochemical parameters in Cyprinus carpio

Oropesa

García-Cambero

Gómez

et al. 2008

Environmental Toxicology

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We investigated if residues of simazine in the natural waters would cause histological, hematological, and biochemical alterations in carps from contaminated areas in Badajoz (Spain). Some necrotic foci in kidney and liver, hepatitis, and hepatic steatosis were detected. No changes on measured hematological and biochemical parameters between fish from reference and contaminated ponds were observed. To assess if simazine exposure was the cause of these observations carps were exposed in the laboratory to simazine (45 microg/L) for 90 days. Some results obtained in the field were confirmed in laboratory, such as necrosis in kidney and liver and hepatic steatosis. Globular eosinophilic foci in kidney and a slight decrease of the hematocrit were also detected. These changes were moderate and indicative of an adaptation of the fish to the toxic stress caused by exposure to low simazine concentrations.

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“…The higher Kj and K^ are, the greater the role of sorption assumes in the removal of the herbicide from the water (Reinert & Rodgers, 1987).…”

Section: Sorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UV light rapidly degrades both diquat and paraquat: 50% of the 14 C from both compounds is lost after 48 hours, and more than 75% is lost after 96 hours of exposure to UV light (Kearney & Kaufman, 1969 ;Reinert & Rodgers, 1987). Kearney and Kaufman proposed that the first compound of degradation of paraquat could be 1 -methyl-4-carboxypyridinium ion.…”

Section: Photolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) the bioconcentration factor (BCF), that determines the potential of a compound to bioconcentrate within an organism, is defined as follows: BCF = concentration in living tissue concentration in water the higher the BCF, the greater the potential for bioconcentration and long-term harm to aquatic organisms and aquatic environments (Reinert & Rodgers, 1987).…”

Section: Biological Transformation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of strategies for modelling the environmental fate of pesticides discharged into riverine systems

Petit

1995

Environment International

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International audiencePesticides are often produced and stored in large quantities near rivers posing a potential hazard for the aquatic environment. Accidental incidents such as storage facility fires are of major concern as significant amounts of pesticide chemicals can enter the nearby riverine System, possibly causing considerable environmental damage. This paper discusses and reviews the major physical, chemical, and microbiological fate processes of selected herbicides in riverine Systems. Glyphosate, paraquat, and diquat herbicides have been selected for discussion as they are widely used and because they degrade in freshwater mainly by well-defined fate processes. The paper concentrates on biodegradation, Sorption, and photolysis, the primary fate processes by which these herbicides degrade. Strategies for mathematically modelling the environmental fate of pesticides in rivers are reviewed and areas of future work identified

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Fate and persistence of aquatic herbicides

Cited by 23 publications

References 91 publications

Comparative toxicity of two glyphosate formulations (original formulation of Roundup® and Roundup WeatherMAX®) to six North American larval anurans

Comparative toxicity of two glyphosate formulations (original formulation of Roundup® and Roundup WeatherMAX®) to six North American larval anurans

Effect of long‐term exposure to simazine on histopathology, hematological, and biochemical parameters in Cyprinus carpio

Review of strategies for modelling the environmental fate of pesticides discharged into riverine systems

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