Fate of a Mutant Macrochloroplast in Somatic Hybrids

Physcomitrella PpORS, Basal to Plant Type III Polyketide Synthases in Phylogenetic Trees, Is a Very Long Chain 2′-Oxoalkylresorcinol Synthase

“…C 24 -CoA), and 0.1 mM [2-14 C]malonyl-CoA (11 mCi/mmol) in 0.1 M KP i buffer, pH 7.6. Reactions to measure substrate preference and kinetic parameters were performed in 0.1 M KP i buffer, pH 7.6, containing 10% glycerol and 0.1% Triton X-100.…”

“…The expression patterns of PpORS and Phypa126819 were determined with whole genome microarrays (CombiMatrix, Mukileto, WA) based on all gene models v1.2 (11). RNA samples were obtained from protonema from liquid cultures, juvenile gametophores grown on solid medium (23), and freshly isolated protoplasts (24). The microarray experiments were done in biological triplicates.…”

Lipid metabolism in arbuscular mycorrhizal roots of Medicago truncatula

“…Plasmid DNA from this construct and from pCAT_YFP carrying no insert were transiently transfected into P. patens protoplasts as described previously (Rother et al, 1994). Localization of YFP and its fusions in transfected protoplast were analyzed after 3 days of expression by confocal laser scanning microscopy according to (Schaaf et al, 2004).…”

Plastid Division and Development

“…Many studies of plastid division have been conducted in a wide variety of lower green plants, particularly algae (Mita and Kuroiwa, 1988;Hashimoto, 1992;Kuroiwa and Uchida, 1996), ferns (Duckett and Ligrone, 1993), and mosses (Tewinkel and Volkmann, 1987;Abel et al, 1989;Reski et al, 1992;Rother et al, 1994). The variety of organisms in which plastid division has been studied has led to a rather confused picture, and the direct relevance of findings in these organisms to the controls of higher plant plastid division is unclear.…”

“…For example, the characterization of a Physcomitrella patens mutant defective in chloroplast division (Abel et al, 1989;Rother et al, 1994) has shown that cytokinin and blue light can functionally complement the mutation (Reski et al, 1991), implying a role for cytokinin and blue light in chloroplast division. However, it is quite feasible that lower plants may use different signaling controls to initiate chloroplast division than do higher plants, particularly because chloroplast division and cell division are more intimately associated in lower plants than they are in higher plants.…”