Fate of antimony in municipal solid waste incineration

Paoletti, Francesca; Sirini, Piero; Seifert, Helmut; Vehlow, J.

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(00)00225-3

Cited by 57 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Pulverized (\ 65 lm) MOV was leached at pH 4 using H 2 SO 4 yielding a pure zinc sulfate solution and an antimony-rich residue. XRD analysis showed antimony compounds such as Zn 7 Others have suggested thermal decomposition of spinel occurs near 1350°C yielding ZnO and Sb 4 O 6 . Therefore, spinel decomposition was not expected to occur below 1350°C without the addition of carbon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simple metal oxides were used as a reference to help predict the behavior of sintered metal oxide compounds (Zn 7 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Items such as curtains contain larger concentrations of antimony and things like wood contain much less antimony. It is estimated that the average antimony concentration in MSW is around 10-60 mg/kg [7,8]. After incineration, the concentration of antimony in fly ash varies depending on the starting material and incineration conditions, but it has been shown to be less than \ 2000 mg Sb/kg dry ash [9][10][11].…”

Section: And Toni Karlssonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A bismuth-rich phase encompasses the zinc oxide grains and the antimony-rich phase is located within the bismuth oxide phase. XRD analysis has shown antimony compounds such as spinel (Zn 7 It has previously been shown by Gutknecht et al [15] that a pretreatment step such as acid leaching of the pulverized MOV material solubilizes the zinc oxide phase while leaving the antimony and bismuth-rich phases concentrated in the insoluble residue. Before leaching, the amount of antimony in the MOV was 35 mg per gram MOV; after leaching there were 186 mg of antimony per gram residue, i.e., leaching as a pretreatment step increased the antimony concentration over 5 times.…”

Section: And Toni Karlssonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recovery of Antimony: A Laboratory Study on the Thermal Decomposition and Carbothermal Reduction of Sb(III), Bi(III), Zn(II) Oxides, and Antimony Compounds from Metal Oxide Varistors

Karlsson

Forsgren

Steenari

2018

J. Sustain. Metall.

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As antimony is typically present in industrial and commercial products only in small amounts, the concentration of antimony in waste types is low and a limited amount of antimony is currently recycled. One product relatively rich in antimony is the metal oxide varistor (MOV) used for overvoltage protection in electric circuits. To increase the antimony concentration, the MOV was pulverized (\ 65 lm) and leached, resulting in an insoluble MOV residue containing 186 ± 2 mg/g of antimony. This work investigates the thermal decomposition and carbothermal reduction of pure metal oxides (Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and ZnO) and MOV residue. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis was used in order to propose a temperature range in which it is possible to separate antimony oxide from the MOV residue. TG results indicate that during thermal decomposition of pure metal oxides, sublimated antimony oxide can be recovered at 650°C, leaving Bi 2 O 3 and ZnO unreacted. The addition of carbon caused mainly volatilization, with some reduction, of Sb 2 O 3 and reduction of Bi 2 O 3 to occur at nearly the same temperature, approximately 600°C. However, volatilization of Bi was not troublesome below 800°C due to slow kinetics. Thermal decomposition of antimony from the MOV residue was not possible in the temperature range studied (\ 1000°C), while carbothermal reduction to the MOV residue revealed antimony volatilization occurred near 800°C.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simple metal oxides were used as a reference to help predict the behavior of sintered metal oxide compounds (Zn 7 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: And Toni Karlssonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: And Toni Karlssonmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Recovery of Antimony: A Laboratory Study on the Thermal Decomposition and Carbothermal Reduction of Sb(III), Bi(III), Zn(II) Oxides, and Antimony Compounds from Metal Oxide Varistors

Karlsson

Forsgren

Steenari

2018

J. Sustain. Metall.

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show abstract

“…However, there exist concerns about the environmental compatibility, in particular with respect to the mobility and the emission rates of heavy metals. Numerous fundamental experimental studies on the partitioning of heavy metals during the combustion of synthetic scrap samples have been performed , Morselli et al, 1993, Paoletti et al, 2001, Waterland et al, 1991, Wobst et al, 2001. Similar fundamental theoretical studies have been undertaken (Ljung and Nordin, 1997, Soerum et al, 2003, Verhulst et al, 1996.…”

Section: Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment of Mobile Telephone Networks, with Focus on the End-of-Life Phase

Scharnhorst

2006

Int J Life Cycle Assessment

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Effect of alkaline washing treatment on leaching behavior of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash

Chen

Xuan

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Fate of antimony in municipal solid waste incineration

Cited by 57 publications

References 6 publications

Recovery of Antimony: A Laboratory Study on the Thermal Decomposition and Carbothermal Reduction of Sb(III), Bi(III), Zn(II) Oxides, and Antimony Compounds from Metal Oxide Varistors

Recovery of Antimony: A Laboratory Study on the Thermal Decomposition and Carbothermal Reduction of Sb(III), Bi(III), Zn(II) Oxides, and Antimony Compounds from Metal Oxide Varistors

Life Cycle Assessment of Mobile Telephone Networks, with Focus on the End-of-Life Phase

Effect of alkaline washing treatment on leaching behavior of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash

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