Fate of few pesticide-metabolizing enzymes in the marine cyanobacterium Phormidium valderianum BDU 20041 in perspective with chlorpyrifos exposure

Chlorpyrifos degradation by the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PUPCCC 64

“…2). Similar inhibitory effects of insecticides have been reported in Synechococcus leopoliensis (Van Donk et al 1992), Anabaena sphaerica, Nostoc hatei, and Westiellopsis prolifica (Jha and Mishra 2005), Phormidium valderianum (Palanisami et al 2009) and Spirulina platensis (Thengodkar and Sivakami 2010). As per these reports, the level of tolerance to insecticides varied in different cyanobacteria.…”

Chlorpyrifos: pollution and remediation

“…For example, esterase activity involved in malathion degradation was determined in culture filtrate of Bacillus thuringiensis MOS-5 (Zeinat Kamal et al 2008). Increase in activity of pesticide metabolizing enzymes such as polyphenol oxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, esterase, and glutathione S-transferase, and metabolization of chlorpyrifos by the use of esterase A has been observed in marine cyanobacterium Phormidium valderianum BDU 20041 upon exposure to chlorpyrifos (Palanisami et al 2009). Interaction of bacterial phosphotriesterase with organophosphates has long been accepted as a useful biosensor system for decontamination of real samples of pesticides with concentrations up to 20 lg L -1 .…”

Low and high doses of UV-B differentially modulate chlorpyrifos-induced alterations in nitrogen metabolism of cyanobacteria

“…Palanisami et al (2009) reported stunted growth in Phormidium valderianum BDU 20041, a marine cyanobacterium after chlorpyrifos exposure ranging from 25 ppm (equivalent to 25 mg ml À 1 ) to 50 ppm (equivalent to 50 mg ml À 1 ). Studies on the phytotoxic effects of pesticides on phytoplanktons suggest that pesticides reduce growth rate and inhibit chlorophyll, protein and carbohydrate biosynthesis (Mohapatra and Mohanty, 1992;Prasad et al, 2005).…”

“…We assumed there that the enhanced activity of enzymatic (ascorbate peroxidase, APX; glutathione reductase, GR; monodehydroascorbate reductase, MDHAR and dehydroascorbate reductase DHAR) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbate and glutathione) in UV-B L assisted samples efficiently control the oxidative damage hence alleviated CP H toxicity and this may be one of the mechanisms by which UV-B L exercises its protective response against CP stress. In the study of Palanisami et al (2009), a 48 h exposure of chlorpyrifos revealed an increase in the activity of pesticide-metabolizing enzymes, such as polyphenol oxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, esterase, and glutathione-S-transferase. These antioxidants may cooperatively relieve the stress along with acid and alkaline phosphatase activities of the organisms (data not shown) after 72 h of experiment resulting into enhanced SGR of the test cyanobacteria in UV-B L and CP L aided treatments.…”