Fate of methoprene (isopropyl (2E,4E)-11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate) in rats

Using a Tritiated Compound to Elucidate Its Preclinical Metabolic and Excretory Pathways in Vivo: Exploring Tritium Exchange Risk

“…Due to the general synthetic ease, low cost, and rapid turnaround of 3 H incorporation (Saljoughian and Williams, 2000), such high specific activity compounds are desirable when radiolabeled material is needed quickly to answer particular metabolism-related questions during drug discovery or development. Although a compound's 14 C atom may become separated from the substructure retained by the majority of metabolites because of its incorporation at a metabolically labile site (Chasseaud et al, 1974;Hawkins et al, 1977;Larsson and Lund, 1981), there is no concern of its passive chemical exchange leading to nonradiolabeled compound and/or metabolites. Conversely, due to the intrinsic properties of the hydrogen atom, 3 H exchange within a molecule may occur readily in aqueous physiological environments of varying pH by chemical (e.g., ␣-H exchange during keto-enol tautomerization) or metabolic means (Lewis et al, 1988).…”

A solid phase extraction reversed‐phase HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of methoprene, permethrin and selected metabolites in rat plasma and urine

“…According to Oberlander et al (2000), methoprene significantly inhibits cell proliferation after exposure in lepidopteron imaginal cell line. Published studies showed that methoprene was absorbed, metabolized mainly through ester hydrolysis and excreted following oral dose in rats (Hawkins et al, 1977, Wright, 1976, in chickens (Davison, 1976;Quistad et al, 1976), and in guinea pigs and cows (Chamberlain et al, 1975).…”

“…Several analytical methods have been used for identification and quantification of methoprene, permethrin and their metabolites when applied alone in plasma and urine samples. These methods use high performance liquid chromatography (Hunt and Gilbert, 1976;Anadon et al, 1991;Leng et al, 1997), gas chromatography (Miller, 1975;Hunt and Gilbert, 1976;Miller et al, 1975;Sondgrass, 1992), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Angerer and Ritter, 1997), and thin-layer chromatography (Hawkins et al, 1977).…”

Transcriptomic analysis of s-methoprene resistance in the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica, and evaluation of piperonyl butoxide as a resistance breaker

“…JHAs target and disrupt the endocrine system of insects by causing abnormal larval-pupal or nymphal-pupal development and/or even death [16]. In general, s-methoprene has many desirable characteristics, such as good environmental profile and extremely low mammalian toxicity [17,18] and it is currently considered as a good alternative to many other conventional contact insecticides [15]. In the case of R. dominica, smethoprene has been proved very effective against R. dominica in different commodities and conditions [15,19,20,21,22].…”

“…It also exhibits a considerable residual efficacy on stored grains, thus holds high potential as a grain protectant for long-term treatment [15,23]. Further, smethoprene has many desirable characteristics, such as good environmental profile and extremely low mammalian toxicity [17,18], and thus, it is currently being considered as a good alternative to many other contact insecticides [15,24].…”