Fate of mineralized and demineralized osseous implants in cranial defects

Abstract

We have evaluated the fate of mineralized osseous implants placed into cranial defects in rats. By 2 weeks, 100% of the defects that had been filled with demineralized bone powder (DBP, 75-250 micrometer) showed bony repair as judged by histomorphometric analysis and incorporation of 45Ca. The DBP was not appreciably resorbed but rather was amalgamated within the new bone. Histomorphometric evaluation of osteo-genesis induced by equal masses of demineralized bone powders of various particle sizes (less than 75, 75-250, 250-450 micrometer) revealed that the smaller particles induced more bone per field than did the larger particles. In contrast, mineralized bone powder (BP) was completely resorbed by 3 weeks, without bony repair of the cranial defect. These specimens contained large multinucleated cells within 7 days and completely resorbed by 3 weeks. It is concluded that (a) demineralized bone powder predictably induces a osteogenic healing of cranial defects, (b) demineralized bone powder is not appreciably resorbed prior to bone induction, (c) the extent of bone induction is a function of the surface area of the demineralized bone implant, and (d) mineralized bone powder undergoes obligatory resorption.

Treatment of osteochondral defects of the talus

“…85,234,399 Th ese joints might thus not be reliably compared in osteochondral defect healing models. In general, the eff ectiveness of DBM depends on numerous variables, including the age of the donor, 347 the tissue bank and the lot, 172,173,450 prolonged heat treatment, 196 the size or shape of the graft particles, 155 the nature of the carrier material, the extent of residual bone mineral content, 459 and the method of sterilization. 171 However, most of these variables are not applicable to the commercially available DBM used in the current study.…”

Repair of critical size defects in the rat cranium using ceramic‐reinforced PLA scaffolds obtained by supercritical gas foaming

“…An overall rating was obtained using weighting factors (53 for the capsular thickness, 33 for the cellular response observed in the capsule, 53 for the neutrophils, 23 for the FBGCs, 13 for the lymphocytes, 13 for macrophages, and 13 for the fibroblasts). Reactions were classified into 6 categories, which were as follows: no reaction (0), minimal (1-10), slight (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25), moderate (26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40), marked (41-60), and excessive (>60).…”

“…21 Modeling on parietal bone has been applied to rats from different strains and at various ages. [7][8][9]22,23 The SpragueDawley rats used herein did not spontaneously fill 8 mm diameter full thickness defects 12-weeks postsurgery. 24 Different types of bone graft substitutes can be used to fill a CSD.…”

Accelerated repair of cortical bone defects using a synthetic extracellular matrix to deliver human demineralized bone matrix

“…Samples were decalcified in 10% formic acid for 48 h, fixed in 10% formalin, dehydrated, and then embedded in paraffin as described. 32 Thick sections (3 mm) were cut and mounted on Superfrost-plus slides (Fisher Scientific). For each sample, a total of 10 sections were cut across the injured area at 500-mm intervals and stained with Masson's Trichrome.…”